SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES NAMES, SYMPTOMS, TREATMENTS, & STATISTICS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

HIV/AIDS HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) HIV infection causes disease by destroying the body’s own immune system cells therefore creating no protection against any bacterial, viral, or fungal infections HIV can be transmitted via blood, semen, and vaginal fluids of infected people Because HIV can be spread through blood, some people who are HIV positive acquired the virus by sharing IV needles during drug use. SYMPTOMS: Flu-like symptoms followed by any number of diseases characteristic of immunodeficiency TREATMENT: New drugs may fight off viral reproduction temporarily; this is known as the HIV/AIDS Triple Cocktail. The HIV/AIDS Triple Cocktail has allowed patients to live a much longer life than ever before. However, there is no known cure for HIV/AIDS entirely STATISTICS: Diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Milwaukee County since 1983: 4,671 People currently living with HIV/AIDS in Milwaukee County (2011): 3,250 New cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Milwaukee County in 2011: 118

CHLAMYDIA Chlamydia is caused by a microorganism that infects certain cells’ lining in the membrane of the genitals, mouth, anus, rectum, eyes, and lungs. It is contracted through sexual contact. *Each year approximately 2 million Americans contract Chlamydia *Chlamydia can lead to PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) *Newborns are also susceptible to the infection through their mother SYMPTOMS (usually occur within 3 weeks): Men – discharge from penis, painful urination Women – may have vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and pain during intercourse TREATMENT: *Antibiotics *Doctors suggest getting retested 3-12 months after treatment to assure the bacteria does not reappear STATISTICS: People diagnosed with Chlamydia in Milwaukee County (2009): 7,850 People diagnosed with Chlamydia in Milwaukee County (2010): 10,678 People diagnosed with Chlamydia in the City of Franklin (2010): 133

GENITAL WARTS Genital Warts are caused by several of the approximately 50 varieties of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). When HPV infects skin cells, it multiplies those causing the wart. It is caused through sexual contact along with any skin to skin contact. Because it is located in the genital area of both men and women, it is usually contracted through sexual intercourse, anal sex, or oral sex. SYMPTOMS (usually occur within 3 weeks): Small, dry growths on the anus, genitals, cervix, and possibly the mouth TREATMENT: *Podophyllin (a liquid that dries on the wart for easy removal) *Surgery

GONORRHEA Gonorrhea, also known as “the clap”, is caused by a bacteria that specifically infects the mucus membrane of the body…most often the genitals, reproductive system, mouth, throat, anus, and eyes Infection occurs through genital, oral, or anal sexual contact; infection of the eyes occurs by hand (usually by one’s self) About 1 million Americans each year are infected SYMPTOMS (usually occur within 2 weeks): Discharge from penis or vagina, painful urination, pain during intercourse, and swelling in the pelvic region TREATMENT: Antibiotics, although some strains are becoming antibiotic resistant STATISTICS: People diagnosed with Gonorrhea in Milwaukee County (2009): 2,742 People diagnosed with Gonorrhea in Milwaukee County (2010): 3,305 People diagnosed with Gonorrhea in the City of Franklin (2010): 34

HEPATITIS B Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver caused by infection by the hepatitis b virus (HBV) This virus can be transmitted sexually and through blood 1.2 million Americans are currently infected with this virus SYMPTOMS: Fever, headache, loss of appetite, nausea, jaundice, and dark urine. Some have no symptoms. TREATMENT: Rest, proper nutrition, healthy lifestyle changes and vaccination for Hepatitis B – may take months. In most cases, Hepatitis B goes away on its own. STATISTICS: People diagnosed with Hepatitis B in Milwaukee (2009): 179

GENITAL HERPES Genital Herpes is caused by the Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is contracted through sexual contact or blood. Each year approximately 500,000 Americans acquire the virus SYMPTOMS (usually occur within 2 weeks): *Painful blisters on site of infection – genitals, anus, mouth *Occasionally there is some itching, painful urination, discharge from penis and vagina, and fever. TREATMENT: *NONE, however, Acyclovir and Valtrex limits and lessens the severity of outbreaks. Without treatment, a person may have several outbreaks per year. *Once you contract Herpes, you will always have it.

PUBIC LICE Pubic Lice, also known as “crabs”, are barely visible insects that live primarily on the hair shaft in mainly the genital-rectal region and can occasionally live in armpits, beards, and eyelashes Transfer of lice is physical – usually sexual – contact. However, contact with infected objects such as bed linens, towels, and clothes may also pass on the insects. SYMPTOMS (usually occur within 5 weeks): Intense itching in the infected area, lice may also be visible including their eggs TREATMENT: Shampoo or any liquids containing lice killing agents

SCABIES Scabies is an infestation of certain regions of the skin by small (invisible to the eye) mites. They borrow into the skin to lay their eggs. This infection can be transferred both sexually and non-sexually SYMPTOMS: Intense itching in the infected area and small red marks or dots TREATMENT: Scabies will not go away on its own. You need to use a special cream or lotion that a doctor prescribes. In severe cases, your doctor may also give you pills to take.

SYPHILIS Syphilis is caused by a bacteria that attacks the body’s major organs by forcing its way in then killing that organ from the inside. Syphilis is contracted through genital, oral, and anal contact. It is also possible for a mother to pass the infection onto her newborn. May have cause the death of historical figure great war leader Napoleon. SYMPTOMS (usually occur in the 1st week to 2 months): *First stage: this is when the “chancre” may appear. This can show up anywhere on the body. This is a red, painless sore. *Second Stage: a skin rash may occur. This is also when Syphilis is highly contagious *Third Stage: this is the hidden stage where symptoms may disappear. *Fourth Stage: if untreated, the bacteria may ultimately cause heart disorders, mental disorders, blindness, and other major health problems including death. TREATMENT: Antibiotics may cure Syphilis. However if organ damage has occurred, Syphilis may be incurable. STATISTICS: 137 new cases reported in Milwaukee County in 2009 114 new cases reported in Milwaukee County in 2010 2 new cases reported in the City of Franklin in 2010