Developing Supporting Material Chapter Seven Developing Supporting Material

Chapter Seven Table of Contents Types of Supporting Material Locating Supporting Material Organizing and Documenting Source Material Critically Evaluating Sources*

Types of Supporting Material Examples Narratives Testimony Facts and Statistics*

Types of Supporting Material: Examples Illustrations, descriptions, or representations: brief example- a single illustration of a speaker’s point. extended example- multifaceted illustration of an idea, item, or event being described. hypothetical example- illustration of a point made by describing something that could happen in the future.*

Types of Supporting Material: Narratives Stories, both real and imaginative. Forms: fairy tales legends religious narratives myths*

Types of Supporting Material: Narratives Essential storytelling elements: plot characters setting timeline Anecdote short story of an interesting, humorous, or real-life incident.*

Types of Supporting Material: Testimony Firsthand findings, eyewitness accounts, and opinions that directly support a fact or an assertion. expert testimony- by professionals who have been trained to evaluate or report on a given topic. lay testimony- by non-experts who have witnessed or experienced events related to the subject under consideration.*

Types of Supporting Material: Testimony Credibility is key The speaker must establish credibility establish the reputation of the source. cite the source’s name, title, and relevance to the topic.*

Types of Supporting Material: Facts and Statistics Facts- documented occurrences that include events, dates, times, people, and places. Statistics- data expressed in numerical form. descriptive statistics- data or information that characterize a group or classification. inferential statistics- data collected from a sample or representative group and generalized to a larger population.*

Locating Supporting Material Getting Started Primary Research: Interviews and Surveys Secondary Resources: Print, Electronically Stored and Online Sources*

Locating Supporting Material primary research- original or firsthand research conducted by the speaker. secondary research- the vast body of information gathered by others.*

Locating Supporting Material: Getting Started Focus on the purpose of your speech. Develop a thesis statement. Evaluate resources. Decide on research methods.*

Locating Supporting Material: Primary Research: Interviews and Surveys planning the questions phrasing the questions recording the interview conducting the interview Surveys especially useful for topics related to the attitudes, values, and beliefs of people in your immediate environment.*

Locating Supporting Material: Secondary Resources Database- a “base” or place in which information is stored, such as books or computers.*

Locating Supporting Material: Secondary Resources Reference Desk Card or Online Catalog Books Newspapers Periodicals Encyclopedias Books of Quotations Poetry Collections Atlases Almanacs Government Publications Biographical Resources*

Organizing and Documenting: Source Material Bibliography APA Method MLA Method Chicago Style Method*

Organizing and Documenting: Source Material Elements: names of authors/editors title of publication volume or edition number name of publisher place of publication publication date and year page numbers*

Critically Evaluating Sources Strive to use original sources Developing Conclusions Beware of Errors in Data Interpretation*

Critically Evaluating Sources: Developing Conclusions Acknowledge viewpoints when they are relevant. Include sufficient quantity and quality of evidence to substantiate your claim.*

Critically Evaluating Sources: Developing Conclusions Does the supporting material actually say what you think it says?*