WAR ON PLAINS AFTER THE CIVIL WAR COACH BROWN’S – OKLAHOMA HISTORY

MEDICINE LODGE TREATY Was an effort to stop attacks by Plains Indians Have them take on a farming lifestyle Plains tribes – Kiowa, Comanche, Kiowa-Apache, Cheyenne, and Arapaho Meet at Medicine Lodge Kansas – Believed the water of the Medicine River to be healing. They agreed to move to Southwestern Oklahoma and live on Reservations Treaty also stated that any Native American found living off of the Reservation would be in violation of the treaty. This would mean the US government could use any means necessary to force them onto the reservation. They also agreed to take on the White man’s lifestyle and not roam the plains. 2

MEDICINE LODGE TREATY Agreed to attend schools and take on farming practices of the Whiteman. This would be the second time in history they were removed from their land. They did understand that they were giving up there way of life 3

MEDICINE LODGE VIDEO 4

Fact – list 4Impact of each fact 5 FACTS ON VIDEO

FORT SUPPLY General Phillip Sheridan Was established to Supply the Military and Indian Reservations Built during the winter – Tribes were slowed by the weather Woodward County Today is the site of a prison and the Wolf Creek it was built around is dammed off and is now a lake. What is the Lake and prison name? 6

THE BATTLE OF WASHITA Cheyenne Led by Chief Black Kettle – set up winter camp on the Washita River Larger Camps for the Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Apache a few miles down the river Arapaho Chief Big Mouth traveled to ask General William Hazen for peace and protection. Hazen – He didn’t have the authority to provide protection for tribes of the reservation What treaty caused this? Cheyenne War Chief Roman Nose ignored the treaty and attacked settlers on Kansas. 7

8 CHIEFS Chief Black Kettle Chief Roman Nose

George Armstrong Custer - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com 9 GENERALS George CusterPhillip Sheridan’s

FACTS ABOUT CUSTER 10

BATTLE OF WASHITA Custer went in snow storm to attack Black Kettles Camp Came up at night Custer claimed to have killed 100 men, women, and children Cheyenne claimed they lost 30 Among those killed was Black Kettle and his wife Medicine Women Later Troops slaughter cattle and mules of the Indians Took 50 prisoners to Camp Supply The other plain tribes camped down the river heard the battle and came to help but were cut-off by another military detachment. 11

THE BATTLE OF SOLDIER SPRING November 17, 1868 Colonel A.W Evans Led troops from New Mexico The headed to base of the Wichita Mountains Noconee Comanche were camped near Soldier Creek in a valley This had provided them protection for centuries – Normal way of life for them Sheridan believed that warriors in that camp had lead raids in Texas Outmanned and Outnumbered the camp was over taken by the troops 12

HOW THE MILITARY FUNCTIONED Destroy teepees Food and Supplies They would threw dried buffalo meat in a pond That pond became know as Dried Beef Pond They killed horses Took all thing valuable to the Native American and destroyed it Battle of Soldier Springs 13

FORT SILL Built in the middle of Comanche territory Sheridan thought this would help General Benjamin Grierson – Commander of the 10 th Cavalry Foothills of of the Wichita Mountains Was built mainly buy black troops of the 10 th Cavalry – Known as Buffalo Soldiers Construction began on January 7, 1869 It consisted of a springhouse, hospital, stone guardhouse, and chapel They also cut a road to the Texas border 14

15 FORT SILL THEN AND NOW

NEW INDIAN POLICY President Ulysses S. Grant Asked “Quakers” to help Lawrie Tatum was chosen as the Indian Agent for Fort Sill Under Indian Policy what were the rations given to the Native Americans? 16

17 SPRINGHOUSE

18 NEW INDIAN POLICY

NEW INDIAN POLICY There were restriction on how soldiers could handle the Native Americans This was taken as a sign of weakness Kiowa Chief Kicking Bird was looked as a coward. Why was this? In order to keep his honor he had to leave camp and for a war party. After holding there ground against the Calvary Kicking Bird returned and dedicated his life to making peace with the Whiteman. 19

INDIAN AGENCIES DARLINGTON INDIAN AGENCY 1869 Cheyenne and Apraho Tribes Brinton Darlingtion John Seger – Took over when Darlington died – 1872 Seger – Developed a good relationship with the Native Americans. JOHN SEGER AND THE ARAPAHO BOARDING SCHOOL. Seger – turned this school into a success after being appointed superintendent of the school. His succes lead to the development of a colony for Cheyenne and Arapho Indians on his ranch. The school closed in

RED RIVER WAR 21

FOUR SQUARE Fact Importance Reason Impact