Manifest Destiny & Westward Expansion Miss Springborn Team 6- Social Studies

How do we gain all the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific?

What is Manifest Destiny ? The belief that the United States should “expand ocean to ocean.” The belief that the United States should “expand ocean to ocean.”

Manifest Destiny “The American claim is by the right of our manifest destiny to overspread and possess the whole of the continent…” - John O’Sullivan “The American claim is by the right of our manifest destiny to overspread and possess the whole of the continent…” - John O’Sullivan

WHY? People living in our country thought that we were a special nation and therefore destined to spread across the continent. People living in our country thought that we were a special nation and therefore destined to spread across the continent.

The Louisiana Purchase

Louisiana Purchase- October 20 th 1803 Why- United States was scared France would not let us use the port city of New Orleans. Why- United States was scared France would not let us use the port city of New Orleans. So…. President Jefferson offers to buy the land from France. So…. President Jefferson offers to buy the land from France.

Cost of the Louisiana Purchase It cost $15 million and doubled the size of the United States. It cost $15 million and doubled the size of the United States. In 1804 the cost was $0.03 a square mile In 1804 the cost was $0.03 a square mile In 2008, the Equivalent cost was about $2.57 per square mile. In 2008, the Equivalent cost was about $2.57 per square mile. –Was this a Good Deal for the United States???

Lewis and Clark Americans knew very little about this new land. Americans knew very little about this new land. Lewis and Clark were sent out to explore the new territory with the help of Sacagawea. Lewis and Clark were sent out to explore the new territory with the help of Sacagawea.

A Mission of Discovery Lewis and Clark kept journals describing the people, places, plants and animals they saw: Lewis and Clark kept journals describing the people, places, plants and animals they saw: –Rocky Mountains –Huge herds of Buffalo, Elk and Deer –New Plants –Many Native Groups

The War of 1812 Who?- this is between America and Great Britain. Who?- this is between America and Great Britain.

War Again? President Madison declares war under pressure of War Hawks in Congress because Great Britain was ignoring our neutrality (staying out of foreign affairs). President Madison declares war under pressure of War Hawks in Congress because Great Britain was ignoring our neutrality (staying out of foreign affairs).

Important details: Many battles take place along the Canadian border. Many battles take place along the Canadian border. Both Buffalo and Washington are burned to the ground by the British and United States burns York (Toronto). Both Buffalo and Washington are burned to the ground by the British and United States burns York (Toronto).

Florida Many People wanted to settle in this area, but it was owned by Spain. Many People wanted to settle in this area, but it was owned by Spain. Additionally there were many Seminole Indians in this area who were hostile. Additionally there were many Seminole Indians in this area who were hostile.

Florida In April 1818, General Andrew Jackson invades Florida (1 st Seminole War) In April 1818, General Andrew Jackson invades Florida (1 st Seminole War) Jackson takes over all of Florida without permission from President Monroe. Jackson takes over all of Florida without permission from President Monroe. Jackson’s presence in Florida convinced Spanish to sign the Adams-Onis Treaty. Jackson’s presence in Florida convinced Spanish to sign the Adams-Onis Treaty. U.S. gets Florida. U.S. gets Florida.

Monroe Doctrine: Warning to all of Europe Warning to all of Europe –All of North and South America was CLOSED to colonization (settling by other nations). Written by President Monroe. Written by President Monroe.

European Reaction Many European nations were angry because the US was standing up to them. Many European nations were angry because the US was standing up to them. The Europeans also used the colonies as a source of Raw Materials. The Europeans also used the colonies as a source of Raw Materials.

The Oregon Trail Path that stretched 2,000 miles west through the Rocky Mts. Path that stretched 2,000 miles west through the Rocky Mts. An average trip lasted 6 months. An average trip lasted 6 months. Travelers went from dawn till dusk. Travelers went from dawn till dusk. Thousands of Americans made the journey. Thousands of Americans made the journey.

Oregon a State ? Americans living in Oregon wanted to become a state Americans living in Oregon wanted to become a state Expansionists wanted to control all of the land north until the 54 th parallel. Settlers used the slogan… Expansionists wanted to control all of the land north until the 54 th parallel. Settlers used the slogan… –“Fifty-Four, Forty or Fight!” Eventually war was avoided and the Treaty of Oregon was signed, settling at the 49 th parallel. Eventually war was avoided and the Treaty of Oregon was signed, settling at the 49 th parallel.

Texas War for Independence When?- starts in October Ends in April 1836… lasted 7 months. When?- starts in October Ends in April 1836… lasted 7 months.

The Texas War for Independence Why Did It Happen? Why Did It Happen? –American settlers living in Texas were being controlled by Mexico. –They wanted their independence and refused to become citizens of Mexico.

What happens next? Battle of the Alamo… Battle of the Alamo…

Important People to know… Important People to know… Stephen Austin, leader of settlers from America. Stephen Austin, leader of settlers from America. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna- leader of Mexico that attacked settlers in Texas. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna- leader of Mexico that attacked settlers in Texas. William Travis, Jim Bowie, Davey Crocket- all fought on Texas’s side at the Battle the Alamo where 1,800 Mexican troops attacked 189. Texas troops over 13 days. William Travis, Jim Bowie, Davey Crocket- all fought on Texas’s side at the Battle the Alamo where 1,800 Mexican troops attacked 189. Texas troops over 13 days.

“Remember the Alamo” became rallying cry of war. became rallying cry of war.

The Mexican War When?- President James Polk declares war in May When?- President James Polk declares war in May Why?- “Mexico has shed American blood on American soil” James Polk. American troops and Mexican troops clashed in a disputed area near Mexican/Texas border. Why?- “Mexico has shed American blood on American soil” James Polk. American troops and Mexican troops clashed in a disputed area near Mexican/Texas border.

How does this war end? We sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: We sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: This gave the United States: This gave the United States: –Mexican Cession –later we added the Gadsden Purchase.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexican Cession Mexican Cession –Land given up by Mexico, which is now California, Nevada, and Utah –It also included most of Arizona and New Mexico and parts of Colorado, Texas and Wyoming Gadsden Purchase Gadsden Purchase –Cost $10 million dollars –Included Southern parts of Arizona and New Mexico –We needed this land to complete the railroads to California

Gold Rush time…

The California Gold Rush In 1849, GOLD was discovered at a mill. In 1849, GOLD was discovered at a mill. Over 80,000 settlers came from all over to look for gold. Over 80,000 settlers came from all over to look for gold. These people were called forty-niners. Very few struck it rich. These people were called forty-niners. Very few struck it rich.

Actual posters from the Gold Rush…

Places where gold was found…

The Chart, Map, Cartoon: Using your colored pencils so we can complete the Manifest Destiny map and chart. Using your colored pencils so we can complete the Manifest Destiny map and chart. Louisiana Purchase: 1803 Louisiana Purchase: 1803 Oregon: August of 1848 Oregon: August of 1848 Mexican Cession: 1848 Mexican Cession: 1848 Gadsden Purchase: 1853 Gadsden Purchase: 1853 First: Fill in Chart First: Fill in Chart Then: Label all territories, Color each one a different color Then: Label all territories, Color each one a different color Then: Then: