Manifest Destiny “Our manifest destiny is to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.” – John O’Sullivan 1845

Politics of Manifest Destiny Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine Failure of Tyler Presidency Failure of Tyler Presidency Election of Polk’s Expansionist Platform vs. Clay’s Indecision Election of Polk’s Expansionist Platform vs. Clay’s Indecision Polk’s victory- “Mandate for Manifest Destiny” Polk’s victory- “Mandate for Manifest Destiny”

Texas Revolution 1836 Mexico invites in American Settlers Mexico invites in American Settlers Americans disagree with Santa Anna Americans disagree with Santa Anna “Remember the Alamo” “Remember the Alamo” Battle of San Jacinto Battle of San Jacinto Republic of Texas Republic of Texas

Oregon territory Farm land, furs, and timber Farm land, furs, and timber American and British settlement American and British settlement Polk and Democrats- “54 40’ or Fight” Polk and Democrats- “54 40’ or Fight” “All of Oregon or None” “All of Oregon or None”

Mexican American War 1846 Causes Annexation of Texas 1845 Annexation of Texas 1845 Dispute over Texas Border Dispute over Texas Border America coveted California America coveted California Mexico Invades? Mexico Invades?

Mexican American War Voice of Dissent Abraham Lincoln’s “Spot of American Blood” Abraham Lincoln’s “Spot of American Blood” Whig Detractors Whig Detractors Abolitionists afraid of slave expansion Abolitionists afraid of slave expansion Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience

Mexican American War Battles Taylor becomes war hero Taylor becomes war hero Fremont and Kearney victorious out West Fremont and Kearney victorious out West Scott victorious at Vera Cruz and Mexico City Scott victorious at Vera Cruz and Mexico City Nearly 13,000 American causalities mostly due to illness Nearly 13,000 American causalities mostly due to illness

Mexican American War Results Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo America gains NM, AZ, CO, UT, NV, and CA America gains NM, AZ, CO, UT, NV, and CA Native American territorial claims ignored Native American territorial claims ignored Renewal of North / South Conflict- Slavery and Expansion Renewal of North / South Conflict- Slavery and Expansion

Conflict with Great Britain Canadian Border Conflicts Canadian Border Conflicts Dispute over Maine Dispute over Maine “Lumberjack War” > “Lumberjack War” > Dispute over Oregon Territory Dispute over Oregon Territory British interest in TX and CA British interest in TX and CA