Cartography Basics: How Geographic Data are Stored and Represented.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

Introduction to Scale Maps and Basic Cartography

Map Projections and Types

Center for Modeling & Simulation.  A Map is the most effective shorthand to show locations of objects with attributes, which can be physical or cultural.

Mapping the World. The importance of proper map research Case study #1: Titanic.

Topographic Maps Lab 2.

NR 322: Scale and Resolution Jim Graham & Alex Daniels Fall 2010 Chapter 2.

Class 1b: Introduction to maps. What is a map? A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly.

Class 1b: Introduction to maps. What is a map? A two-dimensional representation of the spatial distribution of selected phenomena.

Class 1b: Introduction to maps. What is a map? A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly.

Digimap Training Workshops Map scales Any map is a scale representation of the Earth’s surface Scale may be defined as: – the ratio between distance measured.

Mapping Earth’s Surface

Map Scale Looking at the maps on the screen ask the students which one has the largest scale? This will remind the students of what they have already learnt.

Maps and Modern tools.  Geographers look for patterns.

Inro to Human Geography. Human Geography: Five Themes Location – the space that is occupied in the universe (absolute/relative). Location – the space.

Map Scale, Resolution and Data Models. Components of a GIS Map Maps can be displayed at various scales –Scale - the relationship between the size of features.

Intro to Human Geography. Evolution of Mapmaking Babylonians – 2300 BC earliest surviving maps written on clay tablets. Babylonians – 2300 BC earliest.

Maps. Evolution of Mapmaking Babylonians – 2300 BC earliest surviving maps written on clay tablets. Babylonians – 2300 BC earliest surviving maps written.

Introduction to maps. What is a map? A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly reduced size.

Mapping. Cartography = Cartography = Science of Mapmaking.

Geography Earth To write The study of where and why human activities are located where they are (i.e. religions, businesses, and cities) The study of.

Representations of the Earth Maps, GIS and Remote Sensing.

SCALE "Ratio of the distance between two points on a map and the earth distance between the same two points"

UNIT 1 LESSON MAPS & PROJECTIONS. THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO…  Discuss the various functions of maps and understand what a projection is.  We’re only.

 Geography is the study of where things are found on Earth’s surface and the reasons for the locations.  Human geographers ask two simple questions…

Intro to Human Geography.  Two-dimensional representation or flat model of the Earth’s surface or a portion of it.  What are the different uses of a.

What is a map? Civil Drafting?

Mapping to Scale.

Unit I - Maps. Cartography Cartography – science of mapmaking Cartography – science of mapmaking Cartographers must choose: Cartographers must choose:

World Geography Introduction to Maps. What is a map? A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly.

GEOG 370 Christine Erlien, Instructor

Mr. Keller AP Human Geography September 2006

Maps What are they? What do they tell us? What is map scale (large & small)? What is map projection? How does it impact the impression(s) the maps give.

USING MAP SCALES. Map Scale  A scale is a statement of the relationship between distances on a map and distances in real life.  A drawing that is made.

PEOPLE AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE WORLD Mental Maps. Making Sense of the World Images of geographic space Based on: information and impressions “New Yorkers.

Geography Earth To write The study of where and why human activities are located where they are (i.e. religions, businesses, and cities) The study of.

CARTOGRAPHY SKILLS Mapmaking Social Studies 9 Mrs. Mactavish.

Geographic Skills : The Map Scale. What is a map scale Map scale is a measurement on the map representing the actual distance at the location identified.

2.3: Modeling Earth’s Surface Fall Semester 2015.

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP INTERPRETATION WHAT ARE TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS? # THEY ARE MAPS THAT SHOW NATURAL AS WELL AS MAN-MADE FEATURES OF AN AREA. # THEY ARE USUALLY.

Map Projections Can you read a map?. Cartography ● The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design. A stone tablet.

Opening List the 5 themes of Human Geography 1.Location 2.Human-Environment Interaction 3.Region 4.Place 5.Movement.

Class Introduction to maps. What is a map? A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly reduced.

Geography of Canada Time Zones & More on Scale.

Map Projections and Types. Cartography  The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design.  Also concerned with the.

MAP SCALE Sizing the Model. Map Scale Ratio of a single unit of distance on map to the corresponding distance measured on the surface of the ground Gives.

The amount by which the represented reality has been reduced on a map 1: : : The amount by which the represented reality has been.

 Geography is the study of where things are found on Earth’s surface and the reasons for the locations.  Human geographers ask two simple.

Five elements of a map.

Cartographer’s decisions

Measuring Distances and Directions

Social Studies: Introduction to Maps

9th Grade Geography Introduction to maps

Maps and Mapping Never have so many poor maps been made so quickly

Intro to Geography.

Harry Williams, Cartography

Cartography and Geomatics

Geography “Geo”= Earth, “Graphy”= to write

Map Scales CGC1D.

Unit 1: Basic Concepts.

What is a map? A map is a graphic representation of the whole or a part of an area. A map uses points, lines, and polygons to graphically represent an.

Maps and Regions.

Scale: Is it an accurate representation?

Introduction to Mapping Lecture 3

Presentation transcript:

Cartography Basics: How Geographic Data are Stored and Represented

Maps

Images: air photos, satellite images

Databases organized sets of data that are required for a specific purpose

Some categories of maps (as well as images and databases):  Small-scale vs. large-scale  Reference vs. thematic

Scale Ratio between the size of the earth’s features on the map and the size of the same features on the ground.

 Verbal scale: “1 inch equals 5 miles”  Bar scale 3 Ways of indicating scale km Representative fraction: “1:24,000” What unit of distance is used in this scale?

 The numerator is always 1  1:10,000 means: one inch on the map equals 10,000 inches on the earth one cm on the map equals 10,000 cm on the earth  What is an advantage of using RF to indicate scale? Representative fraction (RF): 1 24,000 1:24000 =

Large-scale vs. small-scale:  Small scale: the map is small compared to the reality  Large scale: the map is large (relatively) compared to the reality

 LARGE scale is when the RF is large (that is, the denominator is small)  SMALL scale is when the RF is small Large scale vs. small scale 1:24,0001:100, , ,000

Summary: Large vs small scale Large scaleSmall scale Map is large compared to reality Map is small compared to reality RF is a larger number: 1:24,000 RF is a smaller number: 1:250,000

Which is the larger-scale image? Which is the larger-scale RF? 1:50,0001:200,000

Reference maps vs. Thematic maps:  Reference maps: Emphasize spatial location  Thematic maps: Emphasize spatial patterns

Planimetric maps Any map that doesn’t attempt to show “relief features” of earth Cadastral map

Topographic  Greek: Topos=place + graphien=to describe  Maps that do show the shape of the terrain

Bathymetric maps  Show water depth Bathymetric map of 1855

Reference or thematic?

 “ Cartogram”  What common element of most maps is missing from a cartogram? Leading candidate, by county

Summary: Ways of representing geographic information  Maps  Images  Databases Small-scale vs. large-scale Reference vs. thematic Mapping the “where”