To the teacher: This CPO Science PowerPoint presentation is designed to guide you through the process of presenting the lesson to your students. The presentation uses a 5-E teaching model: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate. The PowerPoint Slide notes indicate where you may want to bring in various lesson elements such as quizzes, readings, investigations, animations, and practice materials. Additional science background information is provided in the slide notes where appropriate. You can view these notes by selecting “View,” then “Normal.” You will see the notes pane at the bottom of the PowerPoint workspace. Additionally, the slide notes are available as a separate document, accessible from the lesson home page. The slides that follow are intended for classroom use. About the slide notes: The slide notes for this presentation are available in a separate document that you can print and look at while you use the slides. You can access the slide notes document from your teacher lesson home page. Enjoy the lesson!

Maps and views of Earth Topographic or “topo” maps and satellite views of Earth are ways to see and study Earth’s surface features. Carve a potato into “Spud Mountain” as shown here. Photograph the potato from above and then create a topo map of it. Compare and contrast the “satellite view” and topo map of Spud Mountain. ENGAGE: Perform the “Spud Mountain” activity as a demonstration since it involves using a digital camera and sharp objects. Ideally, you will have the drawn topo map on your chalk or white board and the digital photograph on display on a computer monitor or projected on a screen. Students may be more familiar with satellite views of Earth from looking at this on the Internet. Review with them that a topographic map is a map that uses contour lines to show elevation (usually height measured from sea level) and relief (the distance between a high and low place on a map).

Time to investigate! Complete the lesson investigation: Topographic Mapping EXPLORE: Lead the lesson investigation: Topographic Mapping

Erosion and Weathering Erosion is the process of moving sediment by wind, water, ice, or gravity. Weathering is the process of breaking down rock and minerals. Weathering is caused by the Sun’s energy, wind, running water, ice, chemical reactions, and the actions of organisms. You created a topo map of a model land surface. Imagine that the mountain in the model is a volcano. Predict how it will it be affected by erosion and weathering over the next 1 million years. What erosional features will you see? How might weathering reshape these? EXPLAIN: Review erosion and weathering and highlight the fact that they are separate processes. Explain that weathering can be mechanical or chemical. Weathering by plants or animals is called biological weathering. Have students work together to come up with ideas for how erosion and weathering would affect a volcano over time. Erosional features include river valleys and meanders. Evidence of weathering includes piles of rocks (due to large rocks breaking).

Did your prediction look like this? Ship Rock in New Mexico is an ancient volcano. All that remains today is a volcanic neck. A volcanic neck is solid magma that was in the main vent. Weathering has broken down the rock and erosion has removed most of the sediment surrounding the neck for more than 20 million years. What would a topo map and a satellite view of this land feature look like? Sketch your answer. EXPLAIN: Because this feature has such steep sides, the contour lines on a topo map would be very close together in certain areas compared to the contour lines for an active volcano.

Time for Practice! Complete the lesson practice activity - Topographic Maps Find a satellite view of Ship Rock on the Internet. Does it look the way you thought it would? Which features seem to be evidence of erosion? Which features seem to be evidence of weathering? ELABORATE: Guide students as they complete the practice activity: Topographic Maps. As an extension, ask students to predict how erosion and weathering may change the landform feature in this practice sheet. Regarding the satellite view, Ship Rock has grooves (valleys) that possibly indicate water has eroded the structure. Some places look rocky indicating big rocks have been broken up by mechanical weathering.

Show what you know! Try the lesson’s interactive quiz, or complete a quiz that your teacher can print out for you. Hint: You might want to review your lesson reading piece one more time before trying the quiz. EVALUATE: Print out the 10-question quiz for students to complete, or have students work individually at computers to complete the interactive quiz they can access from the multimedia lesson home page.