Friday the 13 th  OPENER: Scientific Thinking Cycle 1. Pick up one envelope for each table group. 2. Place the steps in a logical sequence as a table group 1. Check with Ms. Russell when finished 3. If correct draw the cycle in your notebook using arrows Freaky Friday the 13 th ! Superstitious???Here are some ways to avoid bad luck:  Cross your fingers  Avoid black cats  Throw salt over each shoulder  don’t look at the full moon through a pane of glass  Touch a piece of wood Freaky Friday the 13 th ! Superstitious???Here are some ways to avoid bad luck:  Cross your fingers  Avoid black cats  Throw salt over each shoulder  don’t look at the full moon through a pane of glass  Touch a piece of wood

Today:  PPT Notes on Nature of Science  Check-in Quiz  2 nd Period- Stop and start quiz at 9:15  3 rd Period- Stop and start quiz at 10:20 If time, work on completing the CCD chart as a class. Homework: Complete CCD Chart: Nature of Science for Monday

 OPENER: Aurora Borealis (page 6) Scenario: You are cross country skiing in Northern Canada and you come across this beautiful scene in the sky. -Write down as many observations as you can of the image. -Based on your observations, what factors contribute to the formation of an Aurora Borealis?

 TURN IN LAB SAFETY CONTRACT  Open notes to observation lab (p. 8 or 10)  Today:  Complete observation lab activity  Peer assess & report to Ms. Russell  Complete PPT C-notes  Read & Summarize “Just a Theory” article

 OPENER: Collecting & Analyzing Data 1. List at least 2 methods that can be used to collect data. 2. Using the data below what trends (patterns) do you see? Plant Original Height Height after 1 week Height after 2 weeks Height after 3 weeks Total Growth after 3 weeks A (0mL fertilizer) 18.2cm 18.3cm 0.1cm B (10mL fertilizer) 18.0cm18.4cm18.8cm19.4cm1.4cm C (20mL fertilizer) 18.1cm18.2cm17.8cm14.0cm-4.1cm D (30mL fertilizer) 18.1cm17.0cm14.8cm8.2cm-9.9cm

“Just a Theory” Article 1. Preview the article (photos, blurbs, layout) 2. Read the article 3. Re-read the article & mark the text:  Underline important information  Circle difficult words  Write your thoughts in the margin

Common summary mistakes…  Students will write their ideas/opinions about the article  Students will plagiarize the reading  Students will change the meaning to match their opinion

Group summary sentence  Make a list of the most important information in the paragraph  Leave out nonessentials…details  Write one sentence that includes all of the relevant information in your paragraph  Decide who will share your summary to the class.

Whole Article Summary  1:  2:  3:  4:  5:  6:  7:  8:  9:

Pre-assessment  Do your best to show what you already know!  There is no right or wrong its just a point to grow from.

How are Cornell Notes useful? Generate your own questions Create Topic Headings Review material through summaries Mark the text on right side Add information after class (leave space) Quiz yourself on information

The Nature of Science C- Notes 12

What is Science? 13  Science is an organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world. What is science? What contributions has science made to our society? What would the world be like without those contributions? How has science improved your life?

What is Biology? 14

What is a theory?  explain a wide range of observations and experimental results  supported by a wide range of scientific evidence  can change based on new evidence

What is the Scientific Method? 16  set of steps that help us investigate a problem Steps include:  Observations  Question  Research  Hypothesis  Setting up Experiment  Gathering Data  Analyzing Data  Conclusion

Making Observations 17  Observational studies allow scientists to describe a phenomenon.

Posing a Question 18  Experiments are designed to answer questions or solve problems that you observe with your senses  The questions must be about the natural world and you have to be able to answer it scientifically  E.g. You wonder why your flowers are dying.  Pose in question form: Why are my flowers dying?

Making a Hypothesis 19  A Hypothesis is a logical prediction about the outcome of an experiment  Based on a set of observations and previous knowledge or experience  You may want to do some research before making a hypothesis  must be testable through observations  If…then…because statement  E.g. If I move my flowers in direct sunlight, then my flowers will stay alive longer because they use the sunlight in photosynthesis.

Planning the Experiment 20  Procedures describe what you plan to do to test your hypothesis in a step- by-step way  Begin by identifying the:  Manipulated variable (independent)- the factor you will purposely change  Responding variable (dependent)- the factor you predict will change as a result of the manipulated variable

Planning the Experiment 21  Identify a list of materials needed  Identify control variables  What are the other variables that might affect the outcome of your experiment?  E.g. time, type of materials, amount of materials, temperature, etc.  Writing operational definitions:  Define key terms for clear meaning  This allows others to repeat and test your experiment  E.g. “staying alive longer” will be defined as living past 4 days.

Collecting Data 22  Observe using one or more of the senses  Quantitative observations involves numbers  E.g. There are 15 deer per acre  Qualitative observations involve some judgment or interpretation  E.g. The bear was brown in color  Information gathered in this way is called evidence or data

Analyzing the Data 23  Interpret the data by  Make tables, graphs, and charts  Look for trends and patterns  Make one or more inferences from your data and then compare it with what you already know.  E.g. If flowers in both groups (control and manipulated) stayed alive for 4 days, then they both lived longer for the same length of time.

Inferences vs. Observations  Observation: “the grass on the school’s front lawn is wet.”  Possible inferences: 24

Inferences vs. Observations  Observation: “The school’s fire alarm is going off.”  Possible inferences: 25

Making Conclusions 26  In science this means: making a statement that summarizes what you have learned from your experiment  Revisit your original problem. Try to answer it.  Compare your interpretations with your hypothesis.  Was your hypothesis proven or disproven?  Provide support for your conclusion by explaining high and low data points.  Were their errors or mistakes? Explain.  How can you improve this experiment?

Observation Lab Activity 1. Title your provided data table 2. Read both sheets at the station (start with sheet with picture) 3. Follow directions & record data in provided data table 4. Answer the question beneath data table in notebook 27

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Scientific Method  concepts/80002.htm 29