Journey to the Moon

 384,000 Km away from earth  Diameter of 3,476 Km  Density is 1/80 th of Earth  Temperature range: 130°C to -180°C  No atmosphere  No liquid water, Ice at Poles

 Maria: Dark flat areas due to lava flows  Latin for seas. Galileo thought there were oceans  Craters: Large round pits  Caused by impact of meteoroids  Chunks of rock or dust  Highlands : Light-colored features that are mountains

 Planet sized object crashed into earth  Mantle material and outer layer ejected into space  Forms a ring around Earth  Gravity formed into Moon

 Rocket : a device that expels gas in one direction to move the rocket in the other direction  A rocket moves forward when gases shooting out the back of the rocket push it in the opposite direction  2 Forces:  Action and Reaction

 Law of Physics : For every force, or action, there is an equal and opposite force, or reaction.  Thrust: Reaction force that propels a rocket forward  Depends upon mass and speed of gases  Greater the thrust the greater the velocity  Action Force: Rocket pushes gases out  Reaction Force: Gases push rocket forward

 Escape Velocity: Velocity a rocket must reach to fly beyond a planet’s gravitational pull  Orbital Velocity: The velocity a rocket must achieve to establish an orbit around Earth.

 National Aeronautics and Space Administration  Established 1958  Mercury Missions: 1959 – 1963  How do we get into space  Gemini Mission: 1961 – 1966  Travel, maneuvering, living in space, how do we get to the moon  Apollo Missions: 1961 – 1972  Getting a man to the moon, landing and getting them back safely