Meteorites and the early solar system.

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Presentation transcript:

Meteorites and the early solar system. Universität zu Köln Meteorites and the early solar system. Dominik Hezel

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system General Remarks Meteorites allow precise determinations of processes in the inner solar nebula (< ~4 AU) during a time span of about 30 Ma. Reprocessing of presolar material (ISM), i.e. formation of the primitive material found in meteorites occurred during ~ 2 Ma. It is not known when this reprocessing occurred during protoplanetary disk evolution.

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system

Chondrules = formerly small melt droplets Chondrule Ø: ~20 – 2 000 µm 500 µm

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Acfer 209

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system

av. solar system (Earth) D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system av. solar system (Earth) low Al/Mg high Al/Mg Al-Mg decay system: 26Al → 26Mg T1/2 = 0.74 Ma asteroidal melts asteroidal residues -60 -40 -20 20 40 60 d26Mg* [ppm] after: Bizzarro et al. 2005; Baker & Bizzarro 2005

Hf-W decay system: 182Hf → 182W T1/2 = 9 Ma d182W* [ppm] D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system av. solar system (chondrites) metal-rich (low Hf/W) metal-poor (high Hf/W) Hf-W decay system: 182Hf → 182W T1/2 = 9 Ma 2.9 eucrites Mars Earth iron meteorites -0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.7 d182W* [ppm] data from: Kleine et al. 2002, 2005

CAIs – Ca, Al-rich inclusions D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system CAIs – Ca, Al-rich inclusions condensend rim „Type II“ REE-pattern that can only be achieved during condensation. Ca, Al-rich phases condensed CAI (image: A. Pack)

Ni-map Image: Th. Schönbeck D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Ni-map Image: Th. Schönbeck

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Meibom et al. 1999

decreasing temperature olivine Mg2[SiO4] quartz SiO2 SiO2 D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system decreasing temperature olivine Mg2[SiO4] Ol pyroxene Mg2[Si2O6] Px metal Fe93Ni7 FeNi Hezel et al. 2003

Fraction CI chondritic composition condensed D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Fe-Ni-metal Enstatite – MgSiO3 Gehlenite Ca2Al2SiO7 Fraction CI chondritic composition condensed CorundumAl2O3 Hibonite CaAl12SiO19 Spl Forsterite – Mg2SiO4 Cpx Albite Anorthite Temperature (K) from: Davis & Richter 2005

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Petaev & Wood 1998

Chondrule bulk compositions D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Chondrule bulk compositions Hezel et al. 2006

porphyritic chondrule Barred olivine chondrule D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system porphyritic chondrule Barred olivine chondrule glass olivine olivine glass metal pyroxene ~1440°C ~1700°C

Connolly et al. 1998 olivine glass D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Connolly et al. 1998 olivine glass

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Chondrules formed by flash heating with peak temperatures >2000 K. The nature of the chondrule forming event is unknown, the recent favorite mechanisms are shock waves. Desch & Connolly 2002

Allende 150 µm image: Klerner 2001 D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Allende image: Klerner 2001 150 µm

Hezel & Kießwetter in prep. D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system Chondrule-matrix complementarity requires a common reservoir for both components. Efremovka enstatite (intermediate Mg) forsterite (high Mg) chondrules solar Mg-, Si-composition Hezel & Kießwetter in prep. solar Mg/Si-ratio matrix

age obtained from decay: 26Al → 26Mg D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system age obtained from decay: 26Al → 26Mg Bizzarro et al. 2004

D. C. Hezel: Meteorites and the early solar system schematic model of the formation of solid matter in the early solar system

Thank you for your attention