Chapter 04 Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination 1Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

FIGURE 4.1 A typical microbial cleaning life cycle diagram. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.2

FIGURE 4.2 Examples of bioremediation parts washers. (a) Graymills Biomatics Parts Washer, (b) Bio-Circle, and (c) ChemFree SmartWasher. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.3

FIGURE 4.3 Cleaning of parts in a wash basin. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.4

FIGURE 4.4 Parts cleaner sink (a) prior to cleaning, and (b) after cleaning. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.5

FIGURE 4.5 Photos of a truck fueling bay before (a) and after (b) microbial cleaning. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.6

FIGURE 4.6 A cleaning tank (a) after drainage but before cleaning, and (b) after microbial treatment. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.7

FIGURE 4.7 Inverted image of a cellulose acetate replica of bacteria in a vegetable marinade. The scale bar is 5 µm. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.8

FIGURE 4.8 Effect of biocleaning with Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial strain on the Stories of the Holy Fathers fresco before (a) and after (b) treatment. Rajiv Kohli Chapter 4 - Microbial Cleaning for Removal of Surface Contamination Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Methods of Cleaning and Cleanliness Verification. Pages 139 – Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.9