LO: SWBAT understand and explain how our body comes under attack. DN: List some ways in which you can get sick. What causes you to be sick? HW: Article Summary Due Friday

What is wrong? Disease- the body is not working as it should The body is not in homeostasis

What is the common theme? Disease in humans may result from foreign invader organisms called….. PATHOGENS Pathogen: any disease causing organism

Pathogens Bacteria Viruses Fungi Parasites

Bacteria Characteristics Prokaryotes Unicellular organisms Lack most ORGANELLES, no true nucleus.

Examples Strep throat Salmonella – toxins Syphilis What will the doctor Give you? Antibiotics

Virus A VIRUS IS NOT A CELL (IT IS NOT ALIVE) DNA or RNA + Protein Coat Very small, smaller then a CELL. They can only reproduce INSIDE a cell. A virus works by injecting its DNA into a cell, turning the cell into a virus producing factory.

Examples HIV Chicken Pox Influenza Can you take antibiotics?

Antibiotics will not work on a virus- they are specific for bacteria.

Fungus Athlete’s foot Ring worm What can the doctor Prescribe? Fungicides

Parasites Organisms that feed off of other organisms Examples: tapeworm, heartworm, trypanosoma, toxocara

Host: The organisms that the pathogen is living/feeding off of Vector: What is transmitting the pathogen. A vector could be living or nonliving. Examples: other animals, insects, water, desk

How are pathogens transmitted? Blood Food Sex Air Animal

Diagnosing – determine the disease you have Diagnosis is made based on symptoms, examination and testing

Prevention vs. Treatment Prevention – ways to avoid getting the disease. Treatment – ways to help people with a disease to get better.

Besides pathogens, what else can cause disease? Organ Malfunction Toxic Substances Inherited Disorder Risky Personal Behavior Poor Nutrition

Zoonotic Diseases A disease of animals that is transmissible to humans Ex: –West Nile Virus –Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever –Hookworm –Toxoplasmosis

Epidemic Sharp rise in incidence of an infection or disease

Pandemic Very widely distributed epidemic

Endemic Normally present in a certain geographic area or part of an area