DRAFT COPY Health Hazards in Construction Presenter: Scott Rohlf Presented to the North Carolina Association of Higher Education Facilities Officers 2015 Presented to the North Carolina Association of Higher Education Facilities Officers 2015 (O) (919) , (M) (919) ,

DRAFT COPY Learning Objectives  At the end of this program participants will: –Have a better understanding of the types of health hazards associated with the construction industry. –Have a better understanding of how hazards can affect the human body. –Be able to identify potential sources of some common hazards. –Have a better understanding of how to evaluate and ultimately reduce hazards in the construction industry.

DRAFT COPY Health Hazards  Types –Chemical –Physical –Biological  Recognition  Evaluation  Controls

DRAFT COPY Chemical Hazards 4 LIQUID/MISTLIQUID/VAPOR FIBERS DUSTGASES FUME

DRAFT COPY Routes of Entry Inhalation Absorption/ Contact Ingestion

DRAFT COPY Health Hazards  Acute health effects  Chronic health effects  Toxic  Highly toxic  Irritant  Corrosive  Sensitizer  Carcinogen  Target organ effects

DRAFT COPY Dose and Effect INDIVIDUAL SENSITIVITY TOXICITY EXPOSURE TIME BREATHING RATE CONCENTRATION

DRAFT COPY Occupational Exposure Limits Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) Ceiling Limits (CL) Action Limit (AL) Threshold Limit Values (TLV ® ) Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL)

DRAFT COPY Chemical Hazards  Adhesives  Asbestos  Asphalt  Carbon monoxide  Cement  Dust –Respirable –Total  Epoxy resins  Glues/adhesives  Isocyanates  Metals fumes & dusts –Lead –Hexavalent chromium  Paints  Silica  Solvents  Synthetic mineral fibers  Welding fumes & dusts

DRAFT COPY Asbestos  Uses –Strength/Bonding Properties –Fire/Heat Resistance  Exposure –Inhalation Asbestosis Lung Cancer Mesothelioma –Ingestion Stomach Cancer Colon Cancer  Heavily Regulated –AHERA –NESHAP –OSHA

DRAFT COPY Carbon Monoxide  Engines  No Warning Signs  Symptoms –Headache –Nausea –Confusion –Suffocation

DRAFT COPY Metals  Lead (Pb) –Particulates – Demo –Fumes – Hot work  Exposures –Inhalation –Ingestion  Regulating Agencies –OSHA –HUD  Hexavalent Chromium (Cr + 6 ) –Fumes – Hot work  Exposures –Inhalation –Ingestion –Skin Contact  Regulating Agencies –OSHA

DRAFT COPY Silica  Inhalation  Silicosis –Fibrosis and scarring Chronic Accelerated Acute –Symptoms  Lung cancer  Exposure Limit –OSHA – calc. % silica –ACGIH - constant

DRAFT COPY Welding  Fumes and other particulates  Organic by-products  Physical –Noise –Heat –Radiation

DRAFT COPY Physical Hazards ergonomics

DRAFT COPY Ergonomics

DRAFT COPY Radiation

DRAFT COPY Noise  Types –Impact –Intermittent  PEL/Action Level  Hearing Conservation –Notification –Monitoring –Training –Audiometric testing –PPE

DRAFT COPY Weather  Temperatures –Cold - Hypothermia –Heat Heat Stress Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke  Sun and Wind Burns  Storms

DRAFT COPY

Microorganisms  Viruses –Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) –Hantavirus –Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus (Bird Flu)  Bacteria –Legionella –Escherichia Coli (E. coli)  Fungi –Penicillium –Histoplasma HIV Hantavirus Legionella E. coli Penicillium Histoplasma Bird flu

DRAFT COPY Viruses  West Nile Virus  Hantavirus

DRAFT COPY Mold Aspergillus Stachybotrys Cladosporium Histoplasma

DRAFT COPY Evaluation

DRAFT COPY Reducing Hazards  Elimination or substitution  Engineering controls  Warning  Training and administrative controls  Personal protective equipment EFFECTIVENESS

DRAFT COPY Thank You For Your Time! Questions and Discussion