© 2008The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Values, Attitudes, Job Satisfaction, and Counterproductive Work Behaviors Copyright © 2010 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin

6-2 Ch. 6 Learning Objectives 1.Explain Schwartz’s value theory and describe three types of value conflict. 2.Describe the values model of work/family conflict, and specify at least three practical lessons from work/family conflict research. 3.Identify the three components of attitudes and discuss cognitive dissonance. 4.Explain how attitudes affect behavior in terms of Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior.

6-3 Ch. 6 Learning Objectives 5.Describe the model of organizational commitment. 6.Define the work attitudes of job involvement/employee engagement and job satisfaction. 7.Identify and briefly describe five alternative causes of job satisfaction. 8.Identify eight important correlates/consequences of job satisfaction, and summarize how each one relates to job satisfaction. 9.Identify the causes of counterproductive work behavior and measures to prevent it.

6-4 Your Experience What was the primary reason you’ve ever quit a job? a.Didn’t like my boss b.I wasn’t a fit with the company culture c.Better pay somewhere else d.More interesting or challenging work somewhere else e.I’ve never quit a job f.Other

6-5 Schwartz’s Value Theory

6-6 Schwartz’s Value Theory

6-7 Value Conflicts Intrapersonal Value Conflict Interpersonal Value Conflict Individual-Organizational Value Conflict

6-8 Test Your Knowledge Match the types of conflicts with the descriptions below 1.Intrapersonal Value Conflict 2.Interpersonal Value Conflict 3.Individual-Organization Value Conflict A.I want to be healthy by exercising regularly; I want to advance my career by working hard and be involved in my children’s life. B.I want to be healthy; My organization values smoking. C.I want to be honest by reporting company financials accurately; My coworker values a bonus that would come from reporting booked income early.

6-9 A Values Model of Work/Family Conflict Family Values Value Similarity Work Values Value Congruence Work/Family Conflict Value Attainment Job and Life Satisfaction General Life Values

6-10 Test Your Knowledge True or False? 1.Having lots of specific family-friendly programs is more important than having a family-friendly culture 2.Work flexibility in terms of when, where and how employees get their jobs done is essential for work/life balance. 3.Managers perceived as having higher work-life balance were rated less promotable.

6-11 Attitudes Attitude is defined as “a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given object” How do attitudes affect our behavior?

6-12 Attitudes Three components of an attitude Affective: feelings or emotions about an object Behavioral: how one intends to act toward someone or something Cognitive: beliefs or ideas one has about an object

6-13 Test Your Knowledge Which attitude component is depicted by each of these statements? A=Affective, B=Behavioral, or C=Cognitive a.“I like going to work.” b.“Working allows me to afford what I need and want.” c.“I intend to quit my job.” d.“Working with my coworkers is frustrating.” e.“I believe working helps contribute to society.”

6-14 Cognitive Dissonance Psychological discomfort experienced when attitudes and behavior are inconsistent How can you reduce cognitive dissonance?

6-15 Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior Attitude toward the behavior Subjective norm Perceived behavioral control IntentionBehavior

6-16 Timeline of Work Values and Attitudes

6-17 Work Attitudes Organizational Commitment extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and its goals Why does organizational commitment matter?

6-18 Model of Organizational Commitment

6-19 Test Your Knowledge Dylan is independently wealthy but works very hard at his job. He believes in the values of the company and enjoys devoting time to accomplishing the company goals. Dylan most likely has _________. a.Affective commitment b.Normative commitment c.Continuance commitment

6-20 Work Attitudes Job Involvement extent to which an individual is immersed in his or her personal job Employee Engagement is an individual’s involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work

6-21 Work Attitudes Job Satisfaction is an affective or emotional response toward various facets of one’s job Can be satisfied with some elements of the job but not others

6-22 Job Satisfaction Need Fulfillment Discrepancies Value Attainment Equity Disposition/ Genetic Components Causes of Job Satisfaction

6-23 Correlates of Job Satisfaction