Atom Basic Component of Matter. Electrons Negatively charged particles.

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Presentation transcript:

Atom Basic Component of Matter

Electrons Negatively charged particles

Nucleus Tiny, massive core containing protons and neutrons

Protons Positively charged particles in an atom’s nucleus Made of 3 quarks

Energy Level Specific amount of energy an electron has

Neutron Particles in the nucleus of an atom that has no electric charge

Atomic Number Number of protons in nucleus of an atom

Isotopes Atoms of the same element but have a different amount of neutrons

Mass Number The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Note: a whole number because it refers to specific atom.

Atomic Mass Average mass of all isotopes

Periodic Table Arrangement of elements showing repeating pattern of elements

Periods Horizontal rows in the periodic table

Groups Vertical columns of the periodic table

Chemical Symbol Symbol of an element using letters

Metals An element that is a conductor of heat

Malleable Material that can be hammered, rolled into flat sheets, or shaped

Ductile Material that can be pulled out into a long wire

Thermal Conductivity Ability of an object to transfer heat

Electrical Conductivity Ability of an object to transfer electricity

Reactivity The speed which a substance reacts with other substances

Corrosion Gradual wearing wearing of a metal because of chemical reaction

Alkali Metals Metals in group one of the periodic table

Alkaline Earth Metals Group two of the periodic table

Transition Metals Elements in group three to group twelve on the periodic table

Particle Accelerators Powerful machines that move atomic nuclei really fast

Nonmetal Elements that lack most properties of metal

Diatomic Molecule Molecule that consists of two atoms

Halogens Group 17 of the periodic table

Inert Gases Group 18 of the periodic table

Semimetals Elements that have some metal and have some properties that are nonmetal

Semiconductors Substances that can conduct an electric current under some circumstances and cannot in some circumstances

Radioactive Decay Atomic nuclei of isotopes release fast-moving particles and energy

Radioactivity Property that is able to emit radiation

Alpha Particle Consists of two neutrons and two protons and is positively charged

Beta Particle Fast moving electron that is given off by a nucleus during radioactive decay

Gamma Radiation High energy waves

Tracers Radioactive isotopes that can be followed using a detector

Molecule Two or more atoms joined in chem. bond

Compound A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined