+ Hasti and Danielle 11E Conspiracies

+ General Terms: Logic and Reason Reasoning: it is the acquisition of new knowledge through the use of the senses. Logic: it is the study of the principles of sound reasoning. Inductive Logic: it is reasoning from the particular to the general. Deductive logic: it is reasoning from general to particular. Premise: it is a statement that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument. Fallacy: in logic, a fallacy is a mistake in reasoning. revision-tok-definition/ revision-tok-definition/

+ Princess Diana What happened? She and Al Fayed (soon to be fiancés) were killed on August 31 of 1997 by a car crash. Their limousine collided with a pillar in the Alma Tunnel in Paris. The media published that the crash was caused by the paparazzi chasing the car as well as the driver being drunk- the result of the two therefore, were almost inevitable. Conspiracies of who really killed Princess Diana?

+ Theory: An official attack by MI6 to assassinate Diana, sanctioned by members of the authorities Motives: Prevent Diana from converting to Islam (Al Fayed) because of the implications it would have on her sons (Princes William and Harry) who are members of the church and state, and who may have converted to Islam as well

+ Evidence FOR conspiracy Evidence of a white Fiat Uno that collided with their Mercedes – paint marks on cars and eyewitnesses saw the car- but the car was nowhere to be found Was he really drunk? Alcohol levels increase in bodies post mortem regardless of consumption : Fact: driving under the influence of alcohol increases the risk of alcohol Inductive reasoning: Most people driving under the influence get into car accidents, thus the driver also got into an accident Theory that MI6 switched the blood sample Trevor Jones (Fayed’s bodyguard)- only survivor of crash: possible MI6 agent to keep tabs on Fayed. He was the only person wearing a seat belt White light: witnesses saw extremely bright light illuminating tunnel before crash that was enough to temporarily blind someone- cause crash Deductive reasoning: Bright light causes impaired vision, there was a bright before the crash, the bright light lead to the accident. James Hewitt: (Diana’s former boyfriend) was warned by security members and a member of the royal family to stop seeing Diana or his health would suffer- his word against others Paparazzi: witnesses say that they weren’t close enough to the car to have cause the crash Lack of CCTV footage- organized conspiracy- 10 cameras on site but none of them recording that night Transportation to hospital took an hour and a half- raised interest in the public who don’t know what happened in that time

+ Evidence AGAINST conspiracy The British concluded Diana died because her driver was extremely drunk, he was driving too fast, and she wasn't wearing a seat belt. Driver Henri Paul, who worked for the al Fayeds, had a blood alcohol level around twice the limit for driving. He was driving mph, twice the speed limit. None of the four people in the Mercedes were wearing seat belts; if they had been, the other three might have survived. Inductive: Seatbelts protect people from harm in accidents. If the people were wearing seatbelts, they probably would have survived National Security Agency didn’t target Diana. It acknowledged it had 39 classified documents containing references to the princess.

+ JFK Assassination Oswald What Happened? John Fitzgerald Kennedy (35) was assassinated. Lee Harvey Oswald shot him in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas, on November 22, The fatal shot took place while traveling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally, and Connally's wife Nellie, in a presidential motorcade. Connally also got injured. Oswald fired three rifle shots from the sixth-floor, southeast corner window of the Book Depository. Conspiracy: Did Lee Harvey Oswald kill Kennedy and injure Connally or were others involved? Theory: Oswald shot Kennedy and was the old one involved. Just like the movie, 12 Angry Men, How can we be sure it was Oswald?

+ Evidence FOR conspiracy A picture of a.38 pistol and a cheap Italian rifle he had ordered by mail, a few months before the assassination. Lee Harvey Oswald owned the rifle found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository. Inductive: He had a gun so technically he could have killed him, but not for sure Oswald's palmprint is found on his Mannlicher-Carcano rifle after the assassination. Inductive: If his palmprints were there, he probably killed him. Deductive: Everyone has unique DNA, and his was found on the rifle. No bullets, bullet fragments- bullets were discovered nowhere, except those from Oswald’s weapons Deductive: No evidence of other bullets, except Oswald’s thus he killed him Oswald left behind his wedding ring and all his money, on the morning of 11/22/63. Logic dictates that he felt he may not return.

+ Evidence AGAINST conspiracy During the summer of 1963 Oswald reportedly was in contact with men who had connections to the Mafia. Inductive: He had connections with the Mafia therefore they were probably involved with the assassination The Sixth Floor of the Book Depository: Some witnesses thought they saw two men Oswald was framed He was murdered by Jack Ruby on November 24, 1963, because he probably would have been able to prove his innocence if the case went to trial. For 40 years the CIA has covered up its record on the Oswald case Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Believes There Was Second Gunman In JFK Assassination There are no photographs of the assassination showing any person identifiable as Oswald in the Texas Schoolbook Depository, Dealey Plaza, or anywhere else. A photograph show two assassins on the sixth floor of the book depository.