Next Week  Kennedy, The New Frontier; LBJ, The Great Society  Civil Rights Movement

EQ  Who was JFK and why was he so important?

With a partner, what are the similarities?

JFK and The Cold War

John Fitzgerald Kennedy  Democrat from MA  “New Frontier”  Camelot  Peace Corps  Cuban Missile Crisis  Bay of Pigs  Race to the Moon  Supported Civil Rights  Assassinated on Nov.22, 1963  1036 days

Election of 1960  First televised Presidential Debate  JFK vs. Nixon  One of the closest elections in U.S. History  Gained support of African-American Community by taking stand on MLK arrest  fm?guidAssetId=FA7C7B18-15AB AF- CFF954088CBC&blnFromSearch=1&productc ode=US fm?guidAssetId=FA7C7B18-15AB AF- CFF954088CBC&blnFromSearch=1&productc ode=US

Cuba  Cuban Crisis  Bay of Pigs  Cuban Missile Crisis

Cuban Crisis  Fidel Castro  Cuban Dictator seizes power  Communist government 90 miles away  Supported by U.S.S.R.  10% of Cuban population goes into exile  Many to U.S.

Bay of Pigs Cuban exiles, CIA plan invasion to topple Castro Plans go wrong; exile forces killed, taken prisoner JFK pays ransom in food, medicine; mission is public embarrassment cfm?guidAssetId=19c dc e6-9e100fe8a61a cfm?guidAssetId=19c dc e6-9e100fe8a61a

The Cuban Missile Crisis Nikita Khrushchev sends weapons to Cuba, including nuclear missiles JFK warns Soviets that missile attack will trigger war on U.S.S.R. Hotline between JFK and Khrushchev established

The Berlin Crisis Khrushchev wants to close access roads to West Berlin; JFK refuses Soviets isolate West Berlin from East Germany with Berlin Wall dex.cfm?guidAssetId=19c dc e6-9e100fe8a61a dex.cfm?guidAssetId=19c dc e6-9e100fe8a61a

“Ich bin ein Berliner”

Review – divide and conquer! Bay of PigsCuban Missile CrisisBerlin CrisisThe Cuban Crisis Causes Effects/results

Policies of the New Frontier  Science/Space (Race to the Moon)  Neil Armstrong – July 1969  Civil Rights; racial injustice  Poverty  Education

The Space Race

Tragedy

JFK Assassination  November 22, 1963  Dallas, TX  Shot by Lee Harvey Oswald (Oswald shot by Jack Ruby)  Warren Commission concluded Oswald acted alone  Many conspiracy theories exist:  More than one gunman  Soviet involvement  CIA Involvement  VP Lyndon Baines Johnson sworn in  Id=E3129E DF1-B58D B1AED9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US Id=E3129E DF1-B58D B1AED9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

The New Frontier Review The New Frontier

The Great Society v

LBJ  Great Society  Democrat  War on Poverty  Increased protection of individual rights  Civil Rights leader  Established Medicare/Medicaid

Great Society Programs  Education  Healthcare  Medicare - low-cost medical, hospital insurance for senior citizens  Medicaid - health insurance for welfare recipients\  The Environment  Consumer Protection

Great Society Programs (cont)  Housing Money set aside for public housing; low-, moderate-income homes Dept. of Housing and Urban Development created Robert Weaver is first African American in cabinet, HUD secretary  Immigration Existing immigration quotas discriminate against non-Western Europeans Immigration Act of 1965 ends quotas based on nationality

Impact of the Great Society Post-WW II, LBJ extends federal power more than all other presidents Poverty drops from 21% of population in 1962 to 11% in 1973 Massive tax cut spurs economy; Great Society contributes to deficit Debate over finances, effectiveness of programs, government role

The Warren Court  Warren Court—Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren  Rights of the Accused  courts must provide legal counsel to poor  illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court  Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Review ProgramWho was it designed to help? What did it do?