11 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring the Oracle Network Environment

11-2 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: Use Enterprise Manager to: –Create additional listeners –Create Oracle Net Service aliases –Configure connect-time failover –Control the Oracle Net Listener Use Oracle Net Manager to configure client and middle-tier connections Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

11-3 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Net Services Application Oracle Net RDBMS Oracle Net Client or middle tier Database server TCP/IP network Listener Oracle Net configuration files Oracle Net configuration files

11-4 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Tools for Configuring and Managing the Oracle Network Enterprise Manager Net Services Administration page Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant launched by Oracle Universal Installer Command Line

11-5 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Listener Control Utility Oracle Net listeners can be controlled with the command-line lsnrctl utility. $lsnrctl LSNRCTL for Linux: Version on 12-MAY :27:51 Copyright (c) 1991, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> help The following operations are available An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command: start stop status services version reload save_config trace spawn change_password quit exit set* show*

11-6 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Listener Control Utility Syntax Commands from the listener control utility can be issued from the command line or from the LSNRCTL prompt. UNIX or Linux command-line syntax: Prompt syntax: # lsnrctl # lsnrctl start # lsnrctl status LSNRCTL> LSNRCTL> start LSNRCTL> status

11-7 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Listener Control Utility Syntax Full Notes Page

11-8 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Listener Home Page

11-9 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Net Services Administration Pages

11-10 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Net Listener Listener /network/admin/listener.ora sqlnet.ora Oracle database(s) Oracle Net configuration files Enterprise Manager Database Control

11-11 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Creating a Listener

11-12 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Adding Listener Addresses

11-13 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Database Service Registration

11-14 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Where We Are Learning how to use Enterprise Manager to: –Create and monitor listeners –Add listening addresses –Edit database service registration Establishing connections—choose/configure: –Names Resolution –Oracle Net Service aliases –Connect-time failover –Load balancing (RAC) –Source routing Using Oracle Net Manager Testing Oracle Net connectivity Identifying when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

11-15 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Establishing Net Connections To make a client or middle-tier connection, Oracle Net requires the client to know the: Host where the listener is running Port that the listener is monitoring Protocol that the listener is using Name of the service that the listener is handling Names Resolution

11-16 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Naming Methods Oracle Net supports several methods of resolving connection information: Easy connect naming: Uses a TCP/IP connect string Local naming: Uses a local configuration file Directory naming: Uses a centralized LDAP-compliant directory server External naming: Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Client/application server Oracle Net Oracle Net configuration files

11-17 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Easy Connect Is enabled by default Requires no client-side configuration Supports only TCP/IP (no SSL) Offers no support for advanced connection options, such as: –Connect-time failover –Source routing –Load balancing SQL> CONNECT No Oracle Net configuration files

11-18 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Local Naming Requires a client-side Names Resolution file Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options, such as: –Connect-time failover –Source routing –Load balancing SQL> CONNECT Oracle Net configuration files

11-19 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Directory Naming Requires LDAP with Oracle Net Names Resolution information loaded: –Oracle Internet Directory –Microsoft Active Directory Services Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options SQL> CONNECT LDAP directory Oracle Net configuration files

11-20 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. External Naming Method Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Includes: –Network Information Service (NIS) External Naming –Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Cell Directory Services (CDS) Oracle Net Non-Oracle naming service

11-21 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring Service Aliases Create or edit

11-22 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Advanced Connection Options Oracle Net supports the following advanced connection options with local and directory naming: Connect-time failover Load balancing Source routing

11-23 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Advanced Connection Options Full Notes Page

11-24 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Where We Are Learning how to use Enterprise Manager to: –Create and monitor listeners –Add listening addresses –Edit database service registration Establishing connections—choose/configure: –Names Resolution –Oracle Net Service aliases –Connect-time failover –Load balancing (RAC) –Source routing Using Oracle Net Manager Testing Oracle Net connectivity Identifying when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

11-25 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Net Manager

11-26 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Choosing Naming Methods Oracle Net Manager configures the Names Resolution methods for a client or middle tier and the order in which they are checked.

11-27 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring Service Naming with Net Manager Step 1: Net Service NameStep 2: Protocol Step 4: Service Step 3: Protocol Setting

11-28 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring Service Naming with Net Manager Step 5: Test

11-29 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Using Oracle Net Manager to Select Advanced Connection Options Oracle Net supports the following advanced connection options with local and directory naming: Connect-time failover Load balancing Source routing

11-30 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Testing Oracle Net Connectivity The tnsping utility that tests Oracle Net service aliases: Ensures connectivity between the client and the Oracle Net Listener Does not verify that the requested service is available Supports Easy Connect Names Resolution: Supports local and directory naming: tnsping db.us.oracle.com:1521/dba10g tnsping orcl

11-31 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Where We Are Using Enterprise Manager to configure Oracle Network components Using Oracle Net Manager Testing Oracle Net connectivity Identifying when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

11-32 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Listener Establishing a Connection Incoming connection request

11-33 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Server process User Sessions PGA Listener User session User process

11-34 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. User Sessions: Dedicated Server User sessions Server process User session Server process

11-35 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. User Sessions: Shared Servers Listener Dispatcher Server process

11-36 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Response queue for D001 Response queue for D002 Instance SGA Shared server processes S001 S002 S000 Response queue for D000 Processing a Request with Shared Servers Common request queue for all dispatchers Database server Client or middle tier User process Dispatcher D001 Dispatcher D002 Dispatcher D User process

11-37 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SGA Largepool and other memory structures Stack space PGA SGA and PGA User session data Cursor state Dedicated server: User session data is kept in the PGA. Oracle Shared Server: User session data is held in the SGA. PGA User session data Cursor state Stack space Sort data Sort data

11-38 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Shared Server: Connection Pooling The client application has been idle past the specified time, and an incoming client requests a connection. The maximum number of connections is configured to 255. This client connection is the 256th connection into the server. Connection pooling is turned on, so that this connection can be accepted. Database server Idle client Active client New client

11-39 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. When Not to Use a Shared Server Certain types of database work must not be performed by using shared servers: Database administration Backup and recovery operations Batch processing and bulk load operations Data warehouse operations DispatcherServer process

11-40 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Connection Manager (CMAN): Overview Oracle Connection Manager typically resides on a separate server. It functions as a net traffic firewall and proxy server. It can be configured to perform: –Access control filtering –Session multiplexing –Protocol conversion

11-41 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Client Web browser Multiplexing Sessions Application Web server Oracle Connection Manager Database server Intranet RDBMS Oracle Net

11-42 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: Use Enterprise Manager to: –Create additional listeners –Create Oracle Net Service aliases –Configure connect-time failover –Control the Oracle Net Listener Use Oracle Net Manager to configure client and middle-tier connections Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

11-43 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Practice Overview: Working with Oracle Network Components This practice covers: Configuring local Names Resolution to connect to another database Creating a second listener for connect-time failover

11-44 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.