PSerc Lightning Protection: A Stroke of Luck? Theory and Application: Customer Side Low Voltage Systems Ward Jewell Wichita State University APPA 2005.

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Presentation transcript:

PSerc Lightning Protection: A Stroke of Luck? Theory and Application: Customer Side Low Voltage Systems Ward Jewell Wichita State University APPA 2005 ENGINEERING & OPERATIONS TECHNICAL CONFERENCE April 18, 2005 Power Systems Engineering Research Center

PSerc TV station $50k damage every year Transmitter

PSerc Transmitter

PSerc Lightning will strike n Lightning rods may help prevent burn damage to structures n Other devices may reduce number of strikes But…lightning will strike

PSerc Transmitter

PSerc Transmitter

PSerc Transmitter Poor tower ground

PSerc Poor Tower Ground Transmitter bends

PSerc Transmitter bolted connections Poor Tower Ground

PSerc Transmitter Poor Tower Ground

PSerc Transmitter high voltage Can we insulate?

PSerc Transmitter ~1,000,000 V Can we insulate?

PSerc Transmitter ~1,000,000 V Can we insulate? NO! voltage is too high

PSerc Lightning will flow to earth. Insulation will not stop it. Keep it away from sensitive equipment by giving it other paths to earth.

PSerc Improve tower ground Transmitter One ground rod close to each leg

PSerc Transmitter Exothermic weld (cadweld) conductors from tower to rods Improve tower ground

PSerc Transmitter Improve tower ground

PSerc Transmitter high voltage

PSerc Transmitter

PSerc Transmitter Bond tower grounds to building grounds

PSerc Transmitter Bond all grounds to service entrance ground

PSerc Transmitter high voltage

PSerc Transmitter

PSerc Transmitter Bond cable shield to tower

PSerc Transmitter high voltage

PSerc Transmitter Bond cable shield to building steel

PSerc Transmitter Surge suppression: everywhere a conductor enters the facility: secondary surge arrestors

PSerc Transmitter Surge suppression: everywhere a conductor enters the facility: secondary surge arrestors

PSerc Surge suppression: at sensitive equipment: transient voltage surge suppressors (UL 1449 listed) Transmitter

PSerc Provide all possible safe paths to earth; place surge suppression at the others Transmitter Bond cable shield to tower Improve tower ground Bond all grounds to service entrance building steel Surge Suppression

PSerc Transmitter Move service entrance to ground Or, even better, move all conductor entrances to one location at ground level, through grounded copper bulkhead.

PSerc Lightning Protection: Customer Side Low Voltage Systems n Lightning will strike –rods or other devices will not stop all strikes n Lightning will flow to earth –insulation will not stop it n Keep it away from sensitive equipment –Provide safe paths to earth –Bond all grounds –Use arrestors and suppressors »service entrance arrestors »sensitive equipment suppressors

PSerc pserc.org APPA 2005 ENGINEERING & OPERATIONS TECHNICAL CONFERENCE April 18, 2005