August 13 and 20, 2015 Single Line Electricity (SLE) 6 kV in Tal Shahar Israel is working with virtual groundings 1 Experimental 6kV Single Line Electricity (SLE), was tested successfully at Start Up Yeger Investments & Holdings Ltd Site, in Tal Shahar, Israel Prof. M. Bank

2 In the beginning I made a simulation (see results below). Our opponents had many objections… from: "It is not possible" up to: "You use in simulations ideal elements, in real system it will not work”, there is grounding for zeroing, so there is another line. Part 1. In laboratories

The main difference with real system is losses in wires if it is long line. As usual these losses equals % from transmitting power. And we decided include resistances as a losses source. But revealed that our increased and decreased transformers have losses and even more then 10%. Therefore we are not using resistances and have power loses approximately 25 %. This is more than in real situations, but allows us remove one of objections. Receiving part Transmitting part Invertors 6 KV transformers One wire on 6 kV we made measurements in Tal Shahar laboratory. The system is working and we measured all currents in it. 3 Dov Yeger who built this system

The assembly line at the site, we started with the installation the transmission compartment near the laboratory Close to the Transmission Compartment we inserted by hammer a copper rod of 18mm of diam. and 150cm of length, for grounding. The rod was connected to the grounding terminal of the Transmission Compartment 4 Part 2. In an open space

About 20m of the line is an underground line. This segment is inserted into a 1.5" plastic pipe to enable later electromagnetic fields measurements 5

One of the big advantages of the SLE system is the possibility to use underground and underwater lines in a small cross section pipes with no need of tunnels 6

Now we can make our overhead part of line. 7

First step is to spread the 6m metallic pipes all the length of the overhead line 8

After that we install them vertically evenly along the length of the line 9

The poles (metallic pipes) are strengthened with ropes to the cactus plants to prevent failure by wind blow. 10

The Single Wire cable is placed by a stick with a hook on the insulated hook of the poleat a height of 5 m 11

The first high voltage SLE moves to the Receiving Compartment 12

The remote Receiving Compartment is on its way to be placed at the end of the Single Wire cable 13

And the receiving part has a standard potential zeroing of general point of inverter 14

12 hours 23 minutes. The first line of 6 kV is ready. One can switch on. 15

Below you can see measurement results, which correspond to the results of measurements in the laboratory that are listed above. Power losses in this scheme are losses, which give two transformers connected by usual two wire method. 16 v v R wire 6kV 0.45 A 0.46A 0.92A0.84A0.36A 0.38A

"And yet it is rotating!". No, I'm sorry: "The lamp lights up!" 17

18 And today we decided to show that not transmitting energy between two grounded points. We dug a ditch depth of one meter and a length of 5 meters. Bed plastic lining and poured on top of the ground, so that the diameter of the earth to get 2 meters of the pipe. August 20, 2015 We are saying many times ground can't transmit energy. First its resistance between two points is very large. Second we are transmitting current which correspond to Ohm law, therefore cannot be another current. Grounding is making zeroing, but between two zeros cannot be transmitting energy. And yet we keep hearing assertions “Earth in your system, this is the second line”. Part 3. Virtual grounding

19 At the center of the earth, we have inserted a normal for grounding rod

Then we disabled the grounding in a transmitting part and connect this “Virtual grounding”. All current system were the same to within 1 mA. There is a continuous line on the ground between the transmitting and receiving parts. Grounding (or zeroing) is local device. No connection to the earth.

21 SLE processor Three phases / Single line With a single line can be connected by a system of which both or one of them three- phase. To demonstrate this capability we did output SLE converter that produces an output three phase signal. Part 4. Three phases SLE processor is in patenting process now, sorry.

22 With an oscilloscope, we were convinced that we can achieve the desired phase difference (120 0 between all two phases). The proposed system can replace any part of the three-phase system. The greatest economic effect can be single-wire system instead of a high-voltage extended line. This method not only reduces the number of wires, but also weakens the problems associated with unbalance of the line and the reactive power.

Conclusion SLE system with 6kV voltage and on 50 Hz frequency is working and not give any additional losses. This system can work without real grounding but with virtual grounding. Therefore ground is not second line. The load and source of single line system can be three phase system. 23

24 If you would like to get additional information for example about - SLE processor construction, - dimension of virtual grounding, -methods for keeping needed parameters of SLE converter in case of loads changing, - detailed reports about these experiments, and other Use Mr. Larry Gitman The visual information about SLE system one can see in: Colledge h?v=AMW6FVERQ0k In Russian This work was supported by Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT) In work have participated:, JCT