Sub-Regional Workshop for GEF Focal Points: Western and Central Africa Mainstreaming Climate Change Risks in Development by Abdoulaye Ndiaye, UNDP May 2006 Dakar, Senegal © 2006 UNDP. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. Proprietary and Confidential. Not For Distribution Without Prior Written Permission.

1 1 Defining Adaptation “Changing existing policies and practices and/or adopting new policies and practices so as to secure MDGs in the face of climate change and its associated impacts” (UNDP 2006)

2 2 Supporting Adaptation anticipatory ad hoc deliberative reactive Historical experience Disaster response Adaptation projects Through adaptation interventions we move from reactive and ad hoc toward anticipatory & deliberative adaptation

3 3 UNDP’s Core Principles 1. Safeguard achievement of MDGs by developing adaptive capacity 2. Integrate climate risks into development policies and national investment decisions 3. Build on disaster risk-management activities and extensive UNDP experience and mandate 4. Leverage existing UN and UNDP programmes, including UNDP/GEF- supported National Communications and NAPAs 5. Build partnerships to ensure appropriate expertise reaches countries in line with UNDP’s development role in the UN System

4 4 Moving ‘up’ from national projects to UNDP programming 3. Piloting innovative national adaptation projects to feed lessons into 1 and 2 1. Mainstreaming climate change into UN country programming 2. Mainstreaming climate change into national development plans Strategic Environmental Assessment Guidance in development… UNDAF mainstreaming Guidance in development… Adaptation Policy Frameworks (APF) Programming website Country Database ProgressTools Enabling activities NCs, NAPAs Pilot projects M&E, lessons learned

5 5 NEPAD Adaptation to Coastal and Climate Change in West Africa Adaptation aux Changements Climatiques et Côtiers en Afrique de l'Ouest. Photo: R.Arthurton The Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, UK

6 6 Participating Countries Mauritanie Gambie Guinée Bissau Cap Vert NEPAD

7 7 West Africa SPA Project- An Example Baseline: Reactive and ad hoc response to sea level rise, continued erosion mitigation measures that are quickly overcome by sea-level rise (SLR) - Coastal degradation (sand extraction, mangroves…) combined with an increase in extreme climate events (erosion, storms, etc.) result in a degradation of natural and human coastal habitats Additionality: Increased adaptive capacity to manage adverse effects of climate change by integrating climate risks into livelihood options, policy, and institutional mechanisms

8 8 West Africa SPA Project- An Example Project Preparation phase Objective: Identify sensitive areas and hot spots (including pilot sites for adaptation testing for the actual project). Other objectives: Assess: - Possible causes (natural/anthropogenic? ) - Socioeconomic impacts (tourism, fisheries, agriculture…) - Environmental impacts (biodiversity,…) - Projected trends (short/medium/long term) - Current obstacles to integrating coastal zone management (legislation, acceptance among population groups, …) - Lessons learnt from past initiatives

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10 West Africa SPA Project- An Example Project Implementation phase Goal: Reduce vulnerability and increase adaptive capacity to the adverse effects of climate change in the biodiversity focal area” Objective: Develop and pilot a range of effective coping mechanisms for reducing the impact of climate change induced coastal erosion in vulnerable regions in five countries in West Africa. Method: Participatory approach National Action Plan for Adaptation (NAPA) under way Second National Communication (to COP) Priorities in the area of climate change : Fight against coastal erosion affecting: - The environment - Mangroves (degradation) - Biodiversity (losses) - Tourism - Beaches (degradation/losses) - Coastal infrastructure (destruction)

11 West Africa SPA Project- An Example Adaptation Measures to be undertaken: OUTCOME 1: Pilot activities to increase the adaptive capacity and resilience of coastline ecosystems in regions vulnerable to climate change impacts implemented OUTCOME 2: Climate change and adaptation issues and coastal area management policies and programmes integrated OUTCOME 3. Monitoring of coastal erosion and capacity building in coastal management and planning enhanced OUTCOME 4: Learning, evaluation, and adaptive management increased