Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 21 Chapter 2: Software Computers Larry Long & Nancy Long © 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 22 Objectives Software Operating system purposes Windows concepts Software suite applications There are many applications for personal computers Graphics and multimedia Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 23 What is Software? Set of programs or instructions that tells the computer what to do. System Software  Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices  Takes control of the PC on startup, and then plays a central role in all interactions with the computer. Application Software  Designed and created to perform specific personal, business and scientific processing tasks. Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 24 System Software Operating System – System software programs, that monitor and controls all the I/O and processing operations in a computer Kernel -  one of the operating system programs, loaded into memory at start-up and remains there until the computer is shut down  loads other operating system and application programs to RAM as they are needed Utility Programs – computer maintenance Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 25 Operating System Functions Facilitate communication between computer & its users. Facilitate communication among system components. Facilitate communication between linked computer systems. Maximize throughput Optimize use of computer system resources. Keep track of all files in a disk storage. Provide security for the computer system. Monitor all system capabilities and alert the user of system failure or potential problems. Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 26 Operating System Functions Allocating system resources  Multitasking – more than one program running at a time  Foreground – program that is active  Background – programs of lower priority Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 27 User Interface Text-based, command driven interface Eg. MS DOS Graphical User Interface Eg. MS Windows  Pointing device such as a mouse  Icon – picture that represents a file or a computer task Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 28 PC Operating Systems and Platforms PC/Windows Platform (Wintel)  Older versions of Windows  Windows 95/98  Windows ME  Modern PC Operating Systems  Windows XP – plug and play  Windows 2005 Server  Windows CE.NET  Designed for hand-held, pocket PCs, and other small devices. Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter - 29 Other Computer Platforms The Macintosh/Mac Platform Unix – multiuser operating system Linux – open source version of Unix  Open source – source code is available to users for review and modification LindowsOS – Linux based, Windows compatible Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Utility Programs Disk and file maintenance System recovery Security Backup Virus protection Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Windows Concepts and Terminology Window – rectangular area on the screen Desktop – where Windows icons are displayed Application window Active window Open application Workspace Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Windows Concepts and Terminology Menus – lists of user choices Pull-down menus Shortcut keys Toolbars – contain buttons for frequently used commands Dialog box – allows the user to provide information to the software Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Working with Files File -Recording of information in an electronic format -String of 0s and 1s (digitized data) that are stored and retrieved as a single unit. -Each file has a user supplied name by which it is stored and retrieved. File types:  ASCII – text only  Data – contains data Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Working with Files File types:  Document – word processor file contain text and embedded images  Spreadsheet – rows and columns of data  Web page  Source program – user-created instructions to the computer  Executable – contains executable machine language code  Graphics – contains digitized images  Audio – contains digitized sound  Video – contains digitized video Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Working with Files A file’s optional 3 character extension indicates the type of file filename.txt  ASCII file: filename.txt filename.mdb  Microsoft Access data file: filename.mdb filename.doc  Microsoft Word document file: filename.doc filename.xls  Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file: filename.xls filename.htm  Web page file: filename.htm filename.vbp  Visual Basic source file: filename.vbp filename.exe  Executable program file: filename.exe filename.giffilename.bmp filename.jpgfilename.tiffilename.pcx  Graphic files: filename.gif, filename.bmp, filename.jpg, filename.tif, or filename.pcx filename.wav  Audio file: filename.wav filename.mov  Video file: filename.mov Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Working with Files What can be done to a file? Create, name, save Copy, move, delete Retrieve, update Display, print, play Execute Download/upload Import – open a file from another program Compress – reduce the size of a file so it can be uploaded more quickly Zip file – the reduced file. It must be unzipped before it can be used. Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter File Management Windows Explorer – file management tool Folders – used to organize a storage device such as a hard disk or diskette Path – indicates what folder a file is stored in Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter File Management Activities Save/Save As Open Copy Cut Delete Rename Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Software suite – set of applications bundled together as a single unit.  Eg. MS Office Word processing Presentation Software Spreadsheet Software Database Software Personal information management Software (PIM). Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Word processing Spell checker Online thesaurus Grammar and style checker Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Presentation software Text Photos/images Charts and graphs Original drawings Clip art Audio clips Full-motion video Online thesaurus Grammar and style checker Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Spreadsheet software Rows and columns Cell – intersection of a row and a column Cell address – column and row the cell appears in Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Database software Create and maintain a database Extract information Make inquiries Sort records Generate reports Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Productivity Software: The Software Suite Personal Information Management (PIM) software Messages Appointments Contacts Tasks Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter PC Software Shareware – author counts on the honor system for payment; copyrighted Freeware – may be used free of charge; copyrighted Public-domain software – may be used without restriction; not copyrighted Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter PC Software Home and family software Legal advisors Hobbies Education and edutainment software Reference software Business and financial software Software

Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph BIS 100 Chapter Graphics Software and Multimedia Multimedia – use of text, pictures, animation, and sound to present an idea Graphics software – allows the user to create pictures on a computer Software