Section 3: European Claims in Sub-Saharan Africa CHAPTER 17 The Age of Imperialism Section 1: The Roots of Western Imperialism Section 2: European Claims in North Africa Section 3: European Claims in Sub-Saharan Africa Section 4: Expansion in Asia

SECTION 3 Israel and the Occupied Territories European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Bell Ringer 17.3: What events led to competition among Western nations for land in South Africa? What events led to the creation of the Union of South Africa? Complete the flowchart…

` SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Flowchart: Flowchart (cont.): The Boers formed _________ ___________ to the north. Germany declared a ___________, and Britain tried to ________ its land holdings. They fought against the native ___________ tribe for the land. An attempt to overthrow the ____________ government led to hostility between the British and _________________. The British joined the war and helped the __________ win. ___________ and _____ were found in the Boer states. War broke out. ______ defeated the Boers and united ______ _____ and the Boer states into the _____ ________________________.

West Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Formerly dealt in slaves Late 19th century turned to trading palm oil, feathers, ivory, and rubber

European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa France would fight Samory Toure for fifteen years for control of West Africa. Britain would fight the Ashanti kingdom for the territory they would name the Gold Coast. Liberia would be the only state to remain independent.

“Dr. Livingston, I presume?” SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Stanley & Livingston 1869 reporter Henry Stanley began his search for missing missionary Dr. David Livingston. He found him in 1871. “Dr. Livingston, I presume?”

European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa King Leopold II of Belgium would carve a personal colony of over 900,000 square miles.

East Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa …also divided into colonies. … Famine and rinderpest weakened any native resistance. …outbreak in the 1890s killed 80 to 90 percent of all cattle in Southern Africa, as well as the Horn of Africa. Sir Arnold Theiler was instrumental in developing a vaccine that curbed the epidemic.

South Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa European settlement began in 1652 with Dutch settlement of Cape Town… which would grow into Cape Colony. …which the British will take over in the early 1800s.

SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa The Great Trek

European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa The Boers carved out three colonies - Natal Orange Free State Transvaal

European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Shaka ~ the most influential leader of the Zulu Kingdom. The British would defeat the Zulu in 1879.

Cecil Rhodes would arrive in South Africa in 1870. SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa The story of diamonds in South Africa begins between December 1866 and February 1867, when 15-year-old Erasmus Jacobs found a transparent stone on his father's farm, on the south bank of the Orange River. Over the next 15 years, South Africa yielded more diamonds than India had in over 2,000 years. Cecil Rhodes would arrive in South Africa in 1870.

Cecil Rhodes SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Within twenty years, Rhodes completely controlled South African diamond production. He would later organize a colony to the north ~ Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).

Political Cartoon European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa

The Boer War SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa 1895 ~ Rhodes tried to overthrow the Transvaal gov’t because the Boers had kept the British from opening mines. 1899 ~ The Boer War broke out. After three horrible years, the British defeated the Boers. 1910 ~ united Cape Colony and the three Boer colonies into the Union of South Africa. The new constitution made it almost impossible for non-whites to vote. The beginning of apartheid.

Effects of Imperialism on Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Effects of Imperialism on Africa Paternalism New crops & ways of farming Western medicine Roads and railroads were built. Improved communications

Emperor Menelik II SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Some African leaders attempted to work with the Europeans. 1899 negotiated a treaty with Italy … “switcheroo” didn’t work. Italy would later try to invade Ethiopia … … they would not be successful. Ethiopia would be the only African nation to remain independent.

SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Assimilation: when people give up their own culture completely and adopt another culture. The Africans did not accept European culture and would continue to live much as they had for centuries.

SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa `

SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa

European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa SECTION 3 European Claims in Sub- Saharan Africa Flowchart 1: Flowchart 2: The Boers formed three colonies to the north. Germany declared a protectorate, and Britain tried to increase its land holdings. They fought against the native Zulu tribe for the land. An attempt to overthrow the Transvaal’s government led to hostility between the British and the Boers. The British joined the war and helped the Boers win. Diamonds and gold were found in the Boer states. War broke out. Britain defeated the Boers and united Cape Colony and the Boer states into the Union of South Africa. Germany declared a protec-torate, and Britain tried to increase its land holdings.