H 2 S Pollution in Petroleum Industry

Hadi tavasoli Hadi tavasoli Mohammadreza sanavi Mohammadreza sanavi

The Petroleum Industry 1)Exploration and production 1)Exploration and production 2)Transportation 2)Transportation 3)Refining 3)Refining 4)Marketing 4)Marketing

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Exploration and Production 1)Exploration and well-site preparation 1)Exploration and well-site preparation 2)Drilling 2)Drilling 3)Crude oil and gas processing 3)Crude oil and gas processing 4)Enhanced recovery 4)Enhanced recovery

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Natural Gas Primarily of methane Primarily of methane 1)ethane 1)ethane Small quantities of 2)propane Small quantities of 2)propane 3)butan 3)butan Impurities:nitrogen,helium,carbon dioxide, Impurities:nitrogen,helium,carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide,mercaptans,wather hydrogen sulfide,mercaptans,wather

Condensible hydrocarbons are recoverd from the gas using: Condensible hydrocarbons are recoverd from the gas using: Absorption Absorption Refrigeration or gas expantion Refrigeration or gas expantion

Air Emissions Characterization

Vent Collection system The control efficiency of the collection system depends on the capture efficiency and how the collected gas is used or destroyed The control efficiency of the collection system depends on the capture efficiency and how the collected gas is used or destroyed

Refining

Treating processes These processes are used to stabilize and upgrade petroleum products by separating them from less desirable products and by removing impurities. These processes are used to stabilize and upgrade petroleum products by separating them from less desirable products and by removing impurities.

Wastewater Treatment Containing H 2 S,ammonia,and oil is termed sour water Containing H 2 S,ammonia,and oil is termed sour water Depends on diversity of refinery Depends on diversity of refinery

SULFUR RECOVERY Very-high purity elemental sulfur is recovered as a by-product of the processing of crud oil and natural gas. Very-high purity elemental sulfur is recovered as a by-product of the processing of crud oil and natural gas. Crude oil contain 0.1% to 5.0% sulfur Crude oil contain 0.1% to 5.0% sulfur Natural gas contain 15% to 20% H 2 S or other sulfur compounds. Natural gas contain 15% to 20% H 2 S or other sulfur compounds.

Process Description 1)Gas scrubbing 1)Gas scrubbing 2)Sulfur recovery 2)Sulfur recovery 3)Incineration 3)Incineration

Converting Hydrogen sulfide by the claus process 2 H 2 S + SO 2 =3 S + 2 H 2 O 2 H 2 S + SO 2 =3 S + 2 H 2 O

Making Hydrogen from Hydrogen Sulfide

Processing Natural Gas

A Natural Gas Processing Plant

Absorption Towers

Gas Processing Plant with Absorption Towers

Pipes and Absorption Towers

Gas Sweetening Plant