International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 GB Experience 10 years after privatisation Anson Jack Deputy Chief Executive Director of Policy, Research and Risk Rail Safety and Standards Board Great Britain 3 October 2007

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Railway Reforms – Vertical separation – 31/3/ SOE (British Rail) to 100 private companies Sale of ALL railway assets Privatised infrastructure Franchised all passenger services Sale of freight businesses Completely new access regime Completely new safety regime Creation of supply industry

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Regulatory changes since 1997 Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) created, and abolished! (2000 to 2005) European Railway Agency (ERA) established with locus on standards and safety (2005) Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) – became integrated economic and safety regulator (2006) Department for Transport (DfT) now leads franchising and strategic development of railway (2005+) New Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) (2005)

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Industry Changes Railtrack created (1994) privatised (1996) bankrupt (2001), taken over by Network Rail (2002) Franchise length from 7 to 20 to 7 years Number of franchises reducing from 25 to c20 Virtually all franchises change at end of initial franchise term Railtrack role in leading safety moved to Railway Safety and, in changed format, to RSSB

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Passenger kms 1947 to 2006 DECLINE STAGNATION GROWTH 50% in 11 years

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 No of train accidents involving fatalities Average rate is currently 1 every 2 years = Lowest level to date

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 SPAD risk - less than 10% of 2001 baseline

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Trends in safety Significant improvement in areas directly under railways’ control Worsening position in areas not directly under railways’ control – trespass and suicide Recent efforts on level crossings beginning to show effects

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Lesson for rail safety Despite turmoil in organisation, regulation, and ownership – GB railway delivered growth, improved safety and investment

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 What is RSSB? Set up in April 2003 as a not-for-profit company Owned and funded by major stakeholders in the rail industry, independent of any one party Approximately 200 employees covering a range of technical and business disciplines Working with our industry partners our purpose is to: – Continuously improve the level of safety in the rail industry – Drive out unnecessary cost – Improve business performance,

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 RSSB support Asset/system management Train Operators Network Rail Supply Chain Where does RSSB sit in the industry? Office of Rail Regulation economic / safety regulator Membership required by licence Voluntary membership Voluntary membership Department for Transport strategy / funding

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Industry risks / opportunities. Improving: safety cost performance capacity sustainability RSSB’s products and services help industry meet its objectives in safety, cost, capacity performance, and sustainability Manage R&D Manage standards Provide safety intelligence Facilitate cross industry working Give technical support and advice Support industry decision making Deliver national programmes Where industry can benefit from cooperation. Model risk What does RSSB do?

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Example - Ejection during accidents Location of accidentFatalitiesEjections Fatal Ejections Watford121 Southall722 Ladbroke Grove2911 Hatfield400 Great Heck800 Potters Bar664 Ufton Nervet

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Inquiry recommendations MPs campaign for seat belts Families of the dead promoting hammers, belts, windows Research into past accidents, hammers, windows, seat belts Change standards for rolling stock (windows) Assessment of risks to passengers Establish Cross industry Containment Group (Understand the nature of the problem) Rolling stock, risk, human factors, economic support to research and stakeholder Risk assessment of options, built model to assist in decision-making Containment Group recommendations adopted by ATOC Board Problem: Ejections

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October point (lap) seat belts (2005 research report): Should not be fitted 3-point seat belts (2007 research report): Should not be fitted Windows (2007 research report): Should all be laminated Should not be breakable or used for escape Industry agreed conclusions

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 Inquiry recommendations MPs campaign for seat belts ‘Bereaved’ promoting hammers, belts, windows Industry agreed strategy Adjust controls to improve safety Minimise the costs Joined up industry communications Research into past accidents, hammers, windows, seat belts Change standards for rolling stock (windows) Assessment of risks to passengers Establish Cross industry Containment Group (Understand the nature of the problem) Rolling stock, risk, human factors, economic support to research and stakeholder Risk assessment of options, built model to assist in decision-making Containment Group recommendations adopted by ATOC Board Problem: Ejections

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007 That is what RSSB does and how it works across the industry to help improve business and safety performance All our research reports are published on the web Thank you for listening

International Rail Safety Conference Goa 1 October 2007 – 3 October