Novec 1230™ SYSTEM DESIGN 3M™ Novec 1230™ Fire Protection Fluid

Design Concepts Total Flooding Fire Protection System Must have an enclosure Agent mixes with atmosphere to protect entire volume No local application Agent mixing performed by nozzles

Design Concepts Enclosure Integrity Air leaks effectively sealed Door fan test is used to determine whether or not integrity exists Procedure in Appendix C of NFPA 2001 Must be performed on all new installations

Design Concepts Duration of Protection “...(Extinguishing concentration) shall be maintained for the specified period of time to allow effective emergency action by trained personnel.” -NFPA 2001, Section 5.6 Hold time is typically 10 minutes, but not standard Refer to local AHJ

Design Concepts Discharge Time Must be 10 seconds or less Rapid extinguishment reduces production of by-products (HF) Per NFPA 2001 5.7.1.2.1 Software will issue a warning for less than 6 seconds

HAZARD SURVEY AND ANALYSIS

Perform Hazard Survey Define Hazard: Enclosure boundaries Fuels Enclosure integrity exists? Fuels Hazard type (Class A, B, C or D) MSDS for chemicals present

Required Data Dimensions Ambient Temperature Range Min. and Max. Occupancy Requirements Normally occupied?

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability Novec 1230 is suitable for: Class A: Fires in ordinary combustibles Class B: Flammable Liquid Fires Class C: Fires involving energized electrical equipment

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability Novec 1230 is NOT suitable for use with: Deep seated fire hazards Metal fires per NFPA 2001, par. 1.4.2.2 Certain chemicals capable of rapid oxidation in the absence of air: gunpowder, Reactive metals: sodium, magnesium, etc. Metal hydrides Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decomposition

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability Operating temperature range for Novec 1230 equipment is 32°F to 130°F

AGENT QUANTITY

Extinguishing Concentration NFPA 2001 5.4.2 Class A extinguishing concentration determined as part of witness testing UL 2166 Class B extinguishing concentrations determined by cup burner test Appendix B

Minimum Design Concentration NFPA 2001 5.4.2 Class A design concentration EC x 1.2 Class B design concentration MCB x 1.3 Class C design concentration must be at least that for Class A Manual-Only systems design concentration EC x 1.3

Minimum Design Concentration Determined by Hazard Analysis: Class A Hazard: 4.2% (Minimum) Class C Hazard: At least that of Class A: 4.2% Manual-Only systems: 4.6%

Minimum Design Concentration Determined by Hazard Analysis: Class B Hazard: Reference list in manual or call Kidde

Minimum Design Concentration Class B Reference list

Minimum Design Concentration If multiple fuels and/or classifications are present, highest applicable concentration is used

Minimum Design Quantity (MDQ) Equation -or- Table

Calculate Volume Dimensions taken during hazard analysis OK to subtract permanent volume reductions Columns Platforms Do NOT subtract for equipment and moveable objects!

Design Temperature To calculate agent quantity, use minimum expected ambient temperature Agent concentration is proportional to air temperature Same quantity of agent will result in a low concentration at low temperatures and a high concentration at high temperatures

MDQ Calculation Example Enclosure is 10 ft. W x 10 ft. L x 10 ft. H Min Ambient Temperature = 70°F Class A Surface Fire Hazard

MDQ Calculation Example Volume = 1000 ft.3 s = 0.9856 + (0.002441 x 70°F) = 1.1565 W = (1000 ft.3 / 1.1565 ) x (4.2% / 100% - 4.2%) = 37.9 lb. - or - Flooding Factor (4.2%, 70°F) = 0.0379 lb./ft.3 W = 1000 ft.3 x 0.0379 lb./ft. 3 = 37.9 lb.

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Correct For Pressure Differentials Must correct if ±11% or more from normal barometric pressure at sea level Approximately ± 3000 feet from sea level Reference Table 5.5.3.3 in NFPA 2001 (also in manual) Atmospheric correction Highly pressurized; keep dust out Highly depressurized; keep particles in

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Minimum Design Concentration vs. Adjusted Design Concentration Minimum Design Concentration is the minimum required per NFPA 2001 Adjusted Design Concentration is the concentration used to calculate the quantity of agent in the cylinder ADC >= MDC

AGENT STORAGE CONTAINER LOCATION

Agent Storage Container Location As close as possible to or within the protected enclosure Per NFPA 2001 KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Floor loading Container weight plus agent weight KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Space requirements Single/Multiple cylinders Space for riser and attached controls KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Accessibility Cylinder(s) accessible for maintenance KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Storage temperature Balanced or Single Hazard Systems = 32°F to130°F Unbalanced, Multi-Hazard Systems = 60°F to 80°F KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Storage temperature If necessary, build an enclosure and control temperature Does not reflect hazard temperature(s) KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location Classified areas Explosion-proof equipment needed/available? KIDDE

Novec 1230™ SERIES SYSTEMS

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles Two nozzle types Nozzle sizes 3/8” through 2” 1/4” offered - Non UL and FM All nozzles must be pendant (hanging down)

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles 180° Nozzle Placed 6” ± 2” from a wall Orifices aimed away from the wall 6 - 19” ± 2” from ceiling to orifices As close to center of the wall as possible At least 1/3 No corner placement

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles 360° Nozzle Discharges agent in a 360° pattern Placed as close to center of hazard as possible 6” to 19” from ceiling to orifices

Novec 1230 Discharge Discharged as both liquid and vapor When near obstructions, liquid will “splash” Will effect the mixing of agent in the space due to reduced momentum in discharge.

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations Proximity of nozzles to significant obstructions 6 ft. of clearance between nozzle and wall (or significant obstruction) Additional agent can be discharged to compensate for “losses” on obstructions

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations Proximity of multiple nozzles At least 10 ft. of clearance between nozzles

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations Back-to-Back 180° Nozzles 1 ft. to 2 ft. apart Must face away from each other Nozzles discharge equal quantities

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations For smaller enclosures Recommend using 180 nozzles in order to meet 6 ft. clearance Recommend placing 180 nozzles along longest wall to allow maximum clearance in all directions

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Coverage Tested 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. Rectangle (10.9 m x 10.9m) Actual coverage area defined as rectangle with diagonal, d 180°-d = 39.8 ft.(12.1m) 360°–d = 25.2 ft.(7.7 m)

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Height Maximum height for single nozzle is 16 ft. Minimum height 1 ft. for UL Listed systems

Nozzle Tiering Use two rows of nozzles to protect enclosures greater than 16 ft. high (note max elevation difference limit) Max 16’ Max 16’

Quantity of Nozzles Not always dictated by coverage area Coverage volume 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. x 12 ft. requires 574 lb. of Novec 1230 Will not discharge out of a single nozzle within 10 seconds! Rule of Thumb: Approximately 200 lb. per nozzle

Novec 1230™ Engineered System Limits

NOVEC 1230 Engineered Systems Hydraulic flow calculations used as basis of design Allows for unbalanced systems Allows designer to use smaller pipe Use computer software to run flow calculations

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees Tee Parameters: Tee Orientation Flow Splits Bull Tees Side Tees “10 Pipe Diameters”

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees Orientation 1 inlet May be horizontal or vertical (bull head tee only) 2 outlets Both must be horizontal

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees Bull tee flow split Minimum imbalance: 50/50 Maximum imbalance: 75/25 IN OUT

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees Side tee flow split Minimum imbalance: 65/35 Maximum imbalance: 90/10 SIDE OUTLET (10 - 35) IN RUN OUTLET (90 - 65)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees “10 Pipe Diameters” Rule: Length of pipe between a tee and a change in direction must be equal to 10 times the nominal diameter of the pipe A change in direction is defined as either an elbow or another tee Must be adhered to before and after the tee Only necessary if the tee feeds agent to separate hazards

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout Keep network as simple, balanced and short as possible Consider structural members for hanging/bracing Avoid obstructions KIDDE

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout Maximum allowable elevation difference in system piping (outlet and furthest horizontal pipe run/nozzle, or nozzles) is 20 ft. Max 20’

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout Percent of Agent in Pipe Percentage of the available agent that is required to fill the pipe network Maximum 100% Affected by agent quantity, pipe lengths and pipe diameters

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout Percent of Agent Before 1st Tee is 2% Percentage of the available agent that is required to fill the pipe network between the cylinder outlet and the first tee

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout Arrival Time Imbalance Difference in time between when the agent reaches the first nozzle and when it reaches the last nozzle Max 1.0 seconds (Subject to change) Runout Time Imbalance Similar to Arrival Time Imbalance, but refers to when agent runs out at each nozzle Max 3.2 seconds (Subject to change)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes Pipe sizes are estimated by the software based on quantity of agent designated to each nozzle Flow rate = lb. of Novec 1230 in branch / 10 seconds Pipe estimating table in DIOM manual (Table 3-6) Some manual changes may be required

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes Pipe sizes 1/2” through 6” are listed/approved Largest Nozzle Size is 2” Smaller than 1/2” is available in software, but not listed/approved Smallest Nozzle Size is 3/8” 1/4” nozzle is available (Unapproved systems only)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Nozzles Minimum Nozzle Pressure 91 psig (per UL 2166 Requalification)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Hydraulic Calculation Enter: Enclosure info Agent quantity Agent Source Pipe network Run Main Calculations Verify system acceptance

Hints, Tips and Other Considerations

Multiple Systems / Single Hazard If enclosure is large, consider using: Multiple, modular NOVEC 1230 systems, which will discharge simultaneously, located throughout the hazard However - With 100% Agent in Pipe limit - Novec flows well in complex pipe networks.

Single System / Multiple Hazards If protecting more than four enclosures that are not connected, consider: Separate NOVEC 1230 systems

Agent Migration If protecting a single space with multiple nozzles, each nozzle should discharge the quantity of agent required by the nozzle’s design coverage area Maximum of 5% of the required agent may be discharged by a nozzle protecting an adjacent area

Designing for Multiple Hazards For more than one hazard, design with an adjusted concentration of 4.2% or higher Extra agent will make flow splits a lot easier NOTE: Still use 4.2% as minimum

Tee Design Factor NFPA 2001 5-5.3.1 Starting from each hazard, count: Every tee within the hazard that splits to a separate hazard Each tee between entry point to hazard and the agent source (not including tees in a manifold) Reference Table 5-5.3.1 in NFPA 2001 for additional agent required

Tee Design Factor Example

Tee Design Factor Example Maximum tee count is 6 From NFPA 2001, Table 5-5.3.1, a tee count of 6 requires a 0.02 (2%) safety factor