Heart Disease Notes Did you know… In one day blood travels 12,000 miles in your body!! MMMMMMM MMMMMM

Cardiovascular Disease- Group of Diseases of the heart and blood vessels. ** The Leading cause of death in the United States ** Risk Factors – You Control -Smoking-Hypertension -Lack of Exercise-Poor Diet -Obesity-High Cholesterol

2.Gender 3.Race 4.Age Abdominal Fat -Two Traditional Body shapes the “apple” (store additional wt. around waist/abdominal fat) -And the “pear” (store additional wt. around hips and thighs) -Men and women with the “apple” shape are more likely for HD, high blood pressure, and type II diabetes Risk Factors – With No Control 1.Heredity **Premature Heart Attack Age** Males: Before 55Females: Before 65

Types of Heart Disease 1.Arteriosclerosis – General term for describing a hardening and thickening of the arteries. 2.Atherosclerosis – Fatty substances are deposited in the artery walls. 3.Angina Pectoris – Chest pain from a narrowing of the blood vessels in the heart. 4.Myocardial Infarction – Heart Attack, interruption of blood flow to the heart. 5.Arrhythmia – Irregular heart beat. 6.Hypertension – High Blood Pressure. (anything over 120/80)

Facts - Each year there are about 1.3 million heart attacks - about 632,000 will die - about ½ wait over 2 hours before getting help Signs of a Heart Attack - Pressure, squeezing in chest -Spread to shoulders, arms neck, jaw - Shortness of breath, sweating - Nausea

Heart Attack

Treatment Beta Blockers – slow heart rate, BP Coronary Bypass Surgery -A vein from another part of the body, often the leg, is grafted into a coronary artery so blood flow is detoured around a blockage.

Balloon Angioplasty -A balloon tipped catheter is inserted into the site of a blockage and inflated -This pushes plaque against the artery wall = opening the blood flow These small metal tubes prop open the heart's blood vessels

Stroke - blood vessel in or around the brain bursts or becomes blocked. - may be conscious or unconscious – Partial or total paralysis - Pupils may be unequal - breathing is slowed -slurred speech -Confusion What to do? - Lie down - Head and shoulders slightly raised - Relieve the force of blood on the brain - CALL 911

Diabetes – Over 25 million Cases - blood glucose levels are above normal - most of the food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar, and burned for energy - pancreas makes insulin to help get glucose into the cells of our body - with diabetes your body either can’t make enough or can’t use the insulin that it has. * This causes sugar build up Symptoms - Frequent urination- Extreme hunger - Excessive thirst- sudden vision change - Unexplained wt. Loss- Very dry skin

More Symptoms - Tingling or numbness in hands or feet - feeling tired - sores that are slow to heal - more infections than usual Types Type 1 Diabetes – juvenile-onset or insulin dependant. Accounts for 5-10% of cases.pumps Type 2 Diabetes – adult-onset or non-insulin dependant. Accounts for 90-95% of cases. Body ignores. Gestational Diabetes – Only pregnant women get. Occurs in 2-5% of pregnancy – Usually disappears after pregnancy.

Risk Factors for Diabetes - older age- prior gestational diabetes - obesity- physical inactivity - Family history- Race Treatment - Healthy Eating - physical activity - insulin shots or medications - must have constant blood/glucose monitoring