CHAPTER 3 MINERALS 3.1 Minerals - Over 4,000 on Earth - 5 common characteristics 1. Formed naturally.

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 3 MINERALS Minerals - Over 4,000 on Earth - 5 common characteristics 1. Formed naturally 2. Solid 3. Unique chemical compound 4. Form crystal pattern 5. Inorganic (No Carbon)

3 Ways Minerals Form 1. Cooling of magma 2. Minerals dissolved in liquid 3. Precipitate out of solution % of Earth’s crust is 8 minerals! - Most minerals in Earth are silicates (SiO 2 ) Ex) Sand & Quartz

3.2 Mineral Identification 6 Physical properties 1. Color 2. Appearance 3. Hardness- How easily it can scratch 4. Luster- How light is reflected 5. Streak- Color of mineral when broken 6. Crystal System- Shape

Fracture- Mineral breaks jaggedly Ex) Quartz & Pyrite Cleavage- Mineral breaks smoothly Ex) Mica & Graphite Mohs Scale- Scale used to identify mineralsMohs Scale 3.3 Uses of Minerals Gems Rare & beautiful - Some used for cutting, electronics

Ores - Mined for profit! Ex) Bauxite = Al, Magnetite = Fe Titanium - Lightweight, durable, doesn’t rust - Ilmenite & rutile- 2 ores mined for titanium