CHAPTER 11 The Young United States

Political Parties Emerge Major decisions faced the new government, but key officials had different ___________on how to make them Because of this 2 political parties emerged – Alexander Hamilton and followers believed a strong government should be active in encouraging the growth of cities, trade, and factories. Known as the Federalists – Thomas Jefferson and followers believed the nation should remain a land of small farmers and skilled craft workers. Known as the Democratic-Republicans.

A New City ____________ ___ ___________ was selected as nation’s capitol After George Washington’s death in 1799, it was renamed Washington, D.C.

Moving West People moving west were known as _________ – Native Americans claimed these lands and there were clashes with the pioneers Pioneers kept pushing their settlements further and further ________. – The edge of the settlement was known as the frontier

Life living in the West Difficult for pioneers because everything was done by ___________ – Cutting down trees – Building homes – Weaving cloth Lonely – Nearest neighbor could live miles away Difficulties were over come with the building of farms, roads, homes, and towns

Pioneer survival Settlements were created near the Mississippi River – They used these waterways as trade routes Pig and wheat were shipped to the port of New Orleans. – From there, goods were shipped to East coast and Europe – Without ports, pioneers would of struggled to get their products to distant markets

The Louisiana Purchase In late 1700’s, Spain claimed vast area of land west of Mississippi River known as Louisiana – It included New Orleans In 1802, Spain closed port of N.O. to American trade – Pioneers’ products could not leave the port – Why was this bad for the pioneers?

Louisiana Purchased continued Port reopened a few months later The closing concerned President Jefferson – Something needed to be done to keep port open for American trade – Why? – Though that US had to buy the port of ______ ____________

Louisiana Purchased continued France takes control of Louisiana – James Monroe heads to Paris to purchase New Orleans and some land around it from the French Napoleon did not want to sell, but knew he needed money to fight was against Britain – Decided to make and offer to sell entire Louisiana Territory to US for 15 million dollars – In 1803, the US completed the ___________ Purchase The nation _____________ in size

Lewis and Clark expedition Thomas Jefferson was curious about land out West – Sent an ___________ with Lewis and Clark to the newly acquired land – Three goals of expedition Search for a _________ route to the Pacific Ocean Establish relationships with ____________ Americans Pay attention to “the soil and face of the ___________” – Plants, animals, minerals, climate, and keep records

Lewis and Clark continued… Throughout their journey they – Saw fabulous __________ – Crossed the ___________ Mountains – Saw new types of __________ and plants Never found a water route to the __________ Ocean

Moving West Growing population of the west was caused by: – The Lewis and Clark expedition – Louisiana Purchase – Pioneers searching for new lands

Another War Britain was at war with France – Both countries kept boarding US ships as they set sail to deliver goods to other states or countries They did not want the US to help the other country – President Jefferson did not want to choose sides

War of 1812 In 1812, new President Madison asked Congress to declare ______ on Britain in order to gain their freedoms at the _______. This war is remembered because of the dramatic __________ at the sea Many battles were fought on land too. – British forces took control of Washington D.C. and burned down the President’s house and set fire to the capitol.

War of 1812 continued… Francis Scott Key watched a battle at Fort McHenry When the US flag was still standing after the battle that lasted through the night, he scribbled a few verses on the back of an ____________ of the battle he had seen. – The poem was later set to music and became known as “The Star ____________ Banner”

End of War of 1812 The final battle of the war was the Battle of ______ _____________ – Ironically, the battle should have never happened. A _________ was signed two weeks before, ending the war, but the treaty had not yet crossed the Atlantic Britain and France were not longer fighting each other, so they left US ships alone This war showed that the US would defend itself at sea or land against any country that wanted to interfere with them