Overview of Arthritis Brought to you in collaboration by: 1. Arthritis Foundation Tennessee Chapter 2. Tennessee Department of Health 3. University of Tennessee Extension rev. March 2008

2 Arthritis Defined Arthritis: “inflammation of a joint” Rheumatism: Better term, broad, encompasses all kinds of pain and stiffness in the muscles and joints Most common feature is PAIN Over 120 different types of arthritis NO CURE: Chronic. Why self- management is so important.

3 The Impact of Arthritis The leading cause of disability among American adults One of the most common chronic health problems in the United States Affects people of all ages Affects over 43 million Americans (1 of ever 6 adults)

4 Impact of Arthritis (continued) Twice as many women as men have the disease More frequent cause of activity limitations than heart disease, cancer or diabetes Limits activities of over 7 million Americans Causes 39 million doctor visits, and over half- a-million hospitalizations each year Costs the US economy $128 Billion a year $81 Billion in medical costs

5 Burden of Arthritis in Tennessee 1.5 million adults have arthritis 72% of people with arthritis are less than 65 years of age Almost 26.6% of adults have been diagnosed with some forms of arthritis

6 Burden of Arthritis in Tennessee Of those diagnosed: 43% don’t know the type of arthritis they have 55% are not under a physician’s care Source: 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data (Center for Disease Control and Prevention Survey)

7 Burden of Arthritis in Tennessee More common in Whites (36%) than Blacks (33%) More common in Women (41%) than Men (30%) People with arthritis are more likely to be obese (30%) People with arthritis more likely report days of poor physical health and/or mental health when compared to others.

8 Healthy Joint Anatomy Muscles Joint capsule Tendons Synovial membrane Bone Synovial fluid Cartilage

9 A Joint with Osteoarthritis Muscles Bone spurs Tendons Synovial membrane Bone Synovial fluid Cartilage fragments in fluid Worn away cartilage

10 Joints Most Often Affected Osteoarthritis most often occurs at the ends of the fingers, thumbs, neck, lower back, knees, and hips.

11 Types of Arthritis Osteoarthritis (OA) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) Lupus – Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

12 Osteoarthritis (OA): By Far The Most Common Form Also called degenerative joint disease Usually begins after age 45 Causes symptoms in 1 of every 3 individuals over age 60

13 Osteoarthritis (OA): By Far The Most Common Form Caused by breakdown of the joint’s cartilage Bones rub together Joint loses shape and alignment Bone ends thicken Bit of cartilage or bone float in joint space Pain, inflammation and stiffness result

14 Osteoarthritis Risk Factors Age Overweight Joint Injury Muscle weakness Hereditary

15 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Affects about 2.1 million Americans, and three time more women than men Caused when the immune system attacks the lining of the joints Can result in sever joint damage and deformity May also cause fatigue, weight loss and other whole-body symptoms

16 Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) Joints not affected Muscles, ligaments and tendons affected Sleep disturbances Over half of people have chronic fatigue

17 Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) Cause is unknown 1990 first defined: Pain and stiffness in many parts of the body for at least 3 months and local tenderness in 11 of 18 specified places 3.7 million in the US – no TN data Good prognosis Exercise and relaxation essential

18 Lupus Rheumatic disease that affects the skin and body tissues – autoimmune disease Possibly organs such as the kidneys, lungs or heart Affects women more than men Primarily a young woman’s disease Affects more African Americans than Caucasians

19 Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Most prevalent form of arthritis in children Produces serious complications in severe cases Causes few problems in very mild cases Symptoms may include joint inflammation, joint damage, altered growth, and joint stiffness

20 Discussion Any Questions?