19/12/ :35 Course Information: Computer Graphics I Instructor: Dr. Hugh Masterman The MITRE Corporation Texts:Interactive Computer Graphics (5 th edition) Angel, Edward Addison Wesley 2006 ISBN OpenGL Programming Guide (6 th edition) Neider, Davis, &Woo Addison Wesley 2008 ISBN Website:

29/12/ :35 Computer Graphics Computer graphics is the discipline concerned with all aspects of producing pictures or images using a computer. Interactive computer graphics implies user is in the loop of feedback process: Change Image React to Change Graphics SystemUser Input Device Display

39/12/ :35

4 axiom A rule A = [&FL!A]>>>>>'[&FL!A]>>>>>>>'[&FL!A] rule F = S>>>>>F rule S = F L rule L = ['''^^c(4){-f+f+f-|-f+f+f}c(12)]

59/12/ :35 SAGE Air Defense System: ca. 1958

69/12/ :35 Ivan Sutherland Sketchpad (1963)

79/12/ :35 Computer Aided Design Present

89/12/ :35 Screen Shot: Xerox Star ca. 1974

99/12/ :35 Early Night Simulator ca. 1970

109/12/ :35 Raster Graphics Daylight Simulator 1985

119/12/ :35 MD90 Cockpit Simulator 1990

129/12/ :35 Military Simulation: Realistic Environment

139/12/ :35 Data Visualization

149/12/ :35 Weather Visualization

159/12/ :35 Virtual Reality

169/12/ :35 Computer Animation

179/12/ :35 Computer Art

189/12/ :35 Computer Art

199/12/ :35 Graphics: Conceptual Model Real Object Human Eye Display Device Graphics System Synthetic Model Synthetic Camera Real Light Synthetic Light Source

209/12/ :35 Computer Graphics Conceptual Model Application Model Application Program Graphics System Output Devices Input Devices

219/12/ :35 What is an Image?

229/12/ :35 Nature of Light (nm) RadioIRX-raysLight Electromagnetic (wave) radiation: Particle: Ray propagation Quantum energy E=h Amplitude: L Frequency: Velocity: c

239/12/ :35 Characterization of Light Direction, Amplitude, Wavelength: ( d, L,  ) Is this enough? Real world light rarely consists of a single wavelength! L

249/12/ :35 Human Eye

259/12/ :35 Human Perception of Color – 3 Types of Cones L( )

269/12/ :35 Metameric Colors

279/12/ :35 RGB Color Space Green (0,1,0) Blue (0,0,1) Red (1,0,0) Yellow (1,1,0) Magenta (1,0,1) Blk Cyan (0,1,1) White (1,1,1) G B R

289/12/ :35 CIE Color Space

299/12/ :35 HSL Color Space

309/12/ :35 Combination of Primary Colors Additive Color Subtractive Color

319/12/ :35 Output Devices 0 Hard copy -Printers =Dot matrix =Ink jet =Thermal transfer =Laser -Plotters 0 Soft copy -CRT -Flat panel =LCD =Electroluminescent =Plasma -Projector

329/12/ :35 Flat Panel Pixel Arrangements

339/12/ :35 CRT: Raster Scan

349/12/ :35 Color CRT Phosphor Pattern Versus Spot Size

359/12/ :35 RGB Components of an Image

369/12/ :35 Raster Display System Architecture With Peripheral Display Processor System Bus CPU DP Memory Frame Buffer I/O Video Controller Display Processor System Memory

379/12/ :35 Monochrome Frame Buffer D/A Converter Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n CRT

389/12/ :35 Color Frame Buffer Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n CRT 0101 Red D/A Green D/A Blue D/A

399/12/ :35 Video Look-up Table CRT 0101 Red D/A Green D/A Blue D/A Look Up Table Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n =