What was life like for Australians around the turn of the century?

You will LEARN ABOUT  how people lived in Australia around the turn of the century You will LEARN TO use primary sources to describe features of lifestyle of a variety of social groups

How much do you know? About how many people were living in Australia in 1901? a) 1 million b) 4 million c) 10 million d) 15 million Most people in Australia lived a) In the cities b) in the country c) ½ in the city, ½ in the country Australians mainly travelled by a) cars b) train c) bicycle d) tram e) horse & carriage Most Australians enjoyed a) playing cricket b) playing football c) watching sport

Bankstown SOURCE STUDY 1 City Life - Suburbs

Where Did Australians Live? About 50% of people lived in the city and 50% in the country – on farms, sheep and cattle stations, mining communities and country towns Australia was one of the most urbanised countries at this time 2/3 of the population lived in NSW and VIC 500,000 lived in Melbourne and the same in Sydney

Houses Houses were small and simple. Many had water tanks connected to them and some had furnishings outside. Most houses would consist of a chimney and would have a fence circulating around it.

Transport Most people rode horses or horses and carriages. They walked from place to place. They rode camels.

Clothes and Accessories People usually wore clothes that were long. Most of the clothes consisted of high necklines. Wore closed shoes: 1 or 2 pairs of only All the dresses had long sleeves. They often wore protective clothing to keep clean (aprons, dust coats) They used handkerchiefs (not tissues) Hats were worn by both men and women but men took theirs off when they went inside

Activities Most of the woman sewed and knitted Some of them played the piano They travelled on camels They attended church Played board games Sing-a-longs Picnics Watching sport such as cricket and football Riding bicycles

Life in the Cities There was a variety of living conditions and homes in the cities poorer suburbs close to factories with their small often substandard houses Terrace houses with a small backyard for middle class families “Federation” style free standing houses with a large block for the more wealthy

Terrace houses in Darlinghurst City Life - Houses

Federation was a very decorative style. Tall, steep and varied roof shapes Rooms had irregular shapes with nooks and splayed corners Built mostly of red brick Porches or verandahs have ornamental painted woodwork. Colourful leadlight windows

FURNITURE Blouse Chest Dressing Table Commode Chair Day Bed Double Bed Dining Suite

 Pyrmont Bridge was completed in 1902 so that traffic could get to the Queen Victoria Markets. SOURCE STUDY 2 City Life - Transport

SOURCE STUDY 3 Leisure A A visit to Manly Beach Snake charmer at La Peruse – a popular tourist spot Swimming BathsMovie Poster

SOURCE STUDY 2 Leisure B Family Picnics Sing-a-longs Opening of Killara Golf Course Age, Melbourne, 21 March 1904 The aspect of the Yarra was transformed on Saturday afternoon, when the first Melbourne amateur regatta - the Australian Henley – was most auspiciously inaugurated. Vast crowds assembled on the river banks, and Princes bridge, which gave a commanding view of the course, black with people….

Popular Parlor Games, Pastimes and Amusements: Book Reading Card Games (Whist, Bridge, etc.) Charades Checkers Chess Dice Dominos Hand Shadows Jacks and Marbles Lace Making Musical Instrument Playing Paper Dolls Parcheesi Photography Sewing Tea Leaf Fortune Reading

SOURCE STUDY 3 Transport Redfern Railway Trams & Buggies - Enmore Rd Man’s bicycle Woman’s bicycle

SOURCE STUDY 4 Clothing

SOURCE STUDY 5 Kitchen/Food Egg scales Kitchen Scales Charcoal Burning Stove Kitchen Canisters Butter Churn & Cooking Pot Advertisement

SOURCE STUDY 6 Health and Medicine Lewisham Hospital c.1905 Medicine Box

How Healthy was Life in Australia in 1900? Plague – 458 cases and 165 people died in 1900 Deaths – Sydney had 607 cases and 197 deaths in total 1900 – 1925 Queensland had the most deaths – 276 people died from the plague

SOURCE STUDY 10 Aboriginal People

SOURCE STUDY 11 Children - School Empire Day Celebrations at Gordon PS Gardening Lesson Students of Menai PS

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