Transfer of gene/s from one organism to another/manipulation of DNA/modifying genes of organisms Can involve gene transfer between organisms from different kingdoms Organism receiving the gene is thus genetically modified and is known as a transgenic organism To satisfy your own needs or desires
Humans select organisms/parents with desirable phenotypes and interbreed them to produce offspring with desirable phenotypes e.g. race horses. Can occur using organisms from the same or different species within a kingdom Similarities and differences between artificial selection and natural selection
Field of study that uses living organisms i.e. plants, animals and microbes e.g. yeast and bacteria and their biological processes to develop technology and products aimed to improve the quality of life. The latest advancements in technology To promote research
Stem cell Research Genetic Modification Cloning
Undifferentiated, active dividing cells can give rise to any other cell types SOURCES: - Embryonic stem cells, - Blood in umbilical cord/cord blood - Placenta - Bone marrow Uses: To replace damaged / diseased cells To treat various disorders / diseases.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s) Genetically Modified Foods (GMF’s) Examples: in plants (wheat, maize etc.) in animals e.g. insulin production
Genes for desirable traits are isolated and inserted into plant cells that will develop into plants with desirable traits e.g. herbicide resistant, pest resistant crops or Using genetically modified bacteria to carry the gene into plants
Process where genetically identical DNA, cell or entire organism is produced Example of process: Remove nucleus (2n) of somatic donor cell Place nucleus into ovum (nucleus removed) of recipient Ovum with new nucleus stimulated by means of chemical substances or electric currents to divide Ovum develop into embryo Cloned embryo transferred into a recipient
REFER TO ACTIVITY (IN WORD DOC)