Measuring Governance with Pro- Poor and Gender Sensitive Indicators: Process flow chart as a tool for promoting gender-responsive governance & identifying indicators

Outline n n Workshop – you work! n n What are gender statistics? n n What are indicators & how do we use them? n n Process flow chart as a tool for gender- responsive governance and indicators 2

What are gender-responsive statistics? n n Reflection – 2 minutes n n Write it down – 1 minute n n Hold it up & share per table n n Synthesis – ONE answer per table 3

Key points 4

Professional statistics ARE pro-poor & represent women & men equally n n National statistical systems cover population n n Differences considered in defining, collecting, collating & dissemination data n n Different data & variables needed to represent all l l e.g. time use & VAW surveys more important for women l l Special surveys for the poor, minorities, disabled, carers, n n Presenting statistics back to communities 5

What are indicators? What are they used for? n n Reflection – 2 minutes n n Write it down – 1 minute n n Hold it up & share per table n n Synthesis – ONE answer per table 6

NOT gender statistics / indicators BUT Professional statistics / indicators 7

Framework for selecting governance indicators n n Aim: To assist policy makers monitor & evaluate democratic governance n n At country level n n Pro-poor l l Target the poor l l Cope with the many dimensions of poverty n n Gender sensitive – track changes in l l Equality between women & men, girls & boys l l Women, men etc in socially excluded groups l l Women’s empowerment so equality can be achieved 8

9 Principles of democracy & normative values n n Decision-making & makers n n Citizens l l Women/men l l Poor/non-poor etc, minorities, excluded groups n n Normative values of democratic governance l l Participation & representation of all kinds of women & men l l Transparency & Accountability – to different groups l l Responsiveness & efficiency – to different needs l l Equality of outcomes for all

Suggested indicators n n Citizens participation & responsibilities n n Citizens equal participation n n normative values of democratic governance l l Participation & Representation l l Transparency & Accountability n n Responsiveness & Efficiency n n Equality of outcomes 10

Three levels of indicators n n Begin with objective: what is to be indicated? n n Outcome l l what do we want to achieve? l l How will we know we have achieved it? n n Inputs l l What is needed to create these processes? l l How will we know they are available? n n Process l l Using inputs to achieve output? l l How to identify best processes? l l How to know when & how processes need adjustment? 11

Process indicators- missing link n n Input indicators – do not show how inputs are used n n Output indicators do not show how outputs are achieved (or NOT achieved) n n Process indicators show how inputs generate (or fail to generate) outputs n n Process indicators point to problems & can suggest solutions 12

Indicators change – no perfect set n n As objective is achieved, another emerges n n Needs a new indicator n n Indicators are basis for action n n Actions to improve indicator? – make it irrelevant 13

Processes are key Inputs Indicators How they are used – Processes ???? No indicators Results – Outputs Indicators 14

Example Inputs Legislation on equality between women & men Ministry of women Mainstreaming policies Plans of Action Processes No data on: budget women in decision making Violence against women Gender-blind programs & projects Outputs Education Employment Earnings Participation in politics Males far ahead of females 15

Why gender-blind budgeting? Budget processesLack budget understanding Supply side – local government service providers Demand side – community – women and men’s different needs & access Decentralisation – responsibility without authority or sufficient resources Right to demand minimum services & required resources or changes in resource disbursement Gender blind – lack access to information Lack sex-disaggregated data Unaware of rights or how to use political process Lack sex-disaggregated data Lack of gender awareness Lack of participation, especially among women 16

Flow chart to identify gender needs & gaps Supply side – local governmentCommunity – services users 17 Service Women & girls Men & boys K Knowledge Resources Social permission Time – timing, duration Physical access

A. Knowledge needs & processes n n Group work n n Appoint facilitator & reporter n n 15 minutes discussion n n Prepare flip chart & display n n Gallery Viewing – wander! 18

Key points 19

B. Resource needs & processes resource needs & processes n n Group work n n Appoint facilitator & reporter n n 15 minutes discussion n n Prepare flip chart & display n n Gallery Viewing – wander! 20

Key points 21

C. Social permission needs & processes n n Group work n n Appoint facilitator & reporter n n 15 minutes discussion n n Prepare flip chart & display n n Gallery Viewing – wander! 22

Key points 23

D. Time needs & processes resource needs & processes n n Group work n n Appoint facilitator & reporter n n 15 minutes discussion n n Prepare flip chart & display n n Gallery Viewing – wander! 24

Key points 25

E. Physical & social access & processes resource needs & processes n n Group work n n Appoint facilitator & reporter n n 15 minutes discussion n n Prepare flip chart & display n n Gallery Viewing – wander! 26

Key points 27

Flow chart to identify indicators Supply side – local governmentCommunity – services users 28 Service Women & girls Men & boys K Knowledge Resources Social permission Time – timing, duration Physical access

29 Gender sensitive indicators measure equality between women & men Disaggregated by sex Specific to or targeted toward females or males – “Implicitly gendered” No reference to sex BUT relevant to roles of females or males – use of domestic water, childcare Chosen by women – e.g. violence against women n n Based on data, defined, collected, presented & disseminated taking into account differences between women & men

30 Pro-poor indicators reveal the poverty gap & important issues for the poor 4 ways an indicator could be pro-poor Disaggregated by poverty status Specific to the poor – access to welfare services Implicitly pro-poor – use of free (legal) services Chosen by the poor – involves the participation of the poor in selection and use of indicators n n An improvement in an indicator generally means the result is pro-poor

Role of indicators n n Identify problems – support voice n n Tool for development and delivery of services. n n Sex-disaggregated and gender-sensitive indicators essential for the delivery of gender-sensitive services n n Essential input for monitoring, evaluation n n Essential for accountability.

User’s Guide: Four questions Why are basic services important and which services are basic? What is role & obligation of government in service delivery? Why should delivery be gender-sensitive? What is role of governance in basic services delivery? Why is measurement important? What is the role of indicators in service delivery?

A. Indicators - Knowledge 33

B. Indicators - Resources 34

C. Indicators –Social Permission 35

D. Indicators - Time 36

E. Indicators –Physical & social access 37

Why gender sensitive delivery? Are you being served? n n Women and men have different roles n n Different needs and interests n n Different situations and access n n Without gender-sensitive delivery, women and girls will not be served.

Why are basic services important? Key strategy for achieving development All MDGs depend to some extent on the delivery of basic services Target 3 cannot be achieved without basic education services: Target 10 is access to services 39

Three kinds of basic services n n Basic ‘social’ services essential for women’s rights to health & education n n Not conventional but essential for women’s economic human rights – employment & economic services n n Components of governance itself - electoral, civil registration, legal, justice police services. n n Governance services enable delivery of basic social services

Governance Framework for Service Delivery 41

42 Process flow chart – develops process indicators about specific governance processes

43 Thank you. Let’s use indicators to make a better world!