Acquiring, Processing, and Retaining Information

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Do you have a good memory?. Process of memory Encoding – must be able to encode info properly – otherwise – why bother? You must store it correctly –
Advertisements

M EMORY Chapter Review. Process by which we retain and recall something learned or experienced.
Information processing Ch 8. I. Aquiring Information (learning and storing) A. Learning Curve -gradual upward slope representing increased retention of.
© West Educational Publishing Information Processing and Memory C HAPTER 8 W e control the information that comes to us from the environment. Physical.
Cody Reardon Human Behavior
A CQUIRING, P ROCESSING, & R ETAINING I NFORMATION.
Cognition Subtitle. Memory Encoding, Storing and Retrieving knowledge.
Memory Chapter 6. Memory  Memory is the ability to recall past learning, events, images, and ideas  It is also the storage system that allows a person.
The Information-Processing Approach
Information Processing and Memory Chapter 6 Ergle.
Memory Chapter 6.
MEMORY.
Introduction to Psychology Human Memory. Lecture Outline 1)Encoding 2)Storage 3)Retrieval and Forgetting 4)Multiple memory systems.
Memory part2. Why Do We Forget? Encoding failure Storage failure Retrieval failure Interference theory.
Memory Q1 Persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.
Memory Chapter 3. Memory – process of recalling prior events, experiences, and information from the past  Input – receive information from senses a.k.a.
4 th Edition Copyright 2004 Prentice Hall7-1 Memory Chapter 7.
Memory.
Memory Do we remember from stories our parents tell us or are they genuine? Why can I remember every detail of what and where I was when I found out John.
Chapter 6 Memory.
 Learning that has persisted over time; it is information that has been acquired, stored, and can be retrieved.
MEMORY MEMORY - KEY POINTS What is memory? What are the two common memory models? Why do we forget? What are some noted problems with memory? How can.
INFORMATION VISUAL – “ICONIC” AUDITORY – “ECHOIC” SENSORY MEMORY VERY LARGE CAPACITY INFO STAYS FOR.5 – 2 SECONDS MOST PEOPLE HOLD 3 -5 ITEMS (SPERLING’S.
Memory Learning that has persisted over time Information that has been stored and can be retrieved Try this: Recite the second sentence of the Pledge of.
Memory Three processes of memory Memory systems Memory tasks Terms
Memory Chapter Seven. Memory  The process by which we recollect prior experiences and information and skills learned in the past.
Memory. A. Nonsense Syllables: REK, JIB, MOF, QON B. Memory Interference: the retention of older material makes it harder to retain new material and vice.
PS Introduction to Psychology December 12, 2011 Memory.
Memory Levels of Memory and How They Work. Memory Memory : Capacity to acquire, retain, and recall knowledge and skills.
Chapter 7: Memory Music: “Do You Remember” Featuring Jean Paul “Never Forget You” Noisettes.
Chapter 7 Memory. Which Ones are the Dwarfs? Grouchy GabbyFearfulSleepy SmileyJumpyHopefulShy DroopyDopeySniffyWishfulPuffy DumpySneezyLazyPop GrumpyBashfulCheerfulTeach.
Memory. The persistence of learning over time. Nondeclarative memory –Perceptual –Procedural –Stimulus-response Declarative memory –Episodic –Semantic.
Chapter 7 MEMORY Section 1: Three Kinds of Memory Section 2: Three Processes of Memory Section 3: Three Stages of Memory Section 4: Forgetting and Memory.
Memory The brain’s system for filing away new information and retrieving previously learned data A constructive process 3 types of memory Sensory memory.
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner.
Chapter 7 Memory.
Memory Pre- Class: Please complete the “Test your Memory” quiz in your packets. When you are done, please sit quietly and wait for the rest of the class.
Memory Modules Module 22 Questions 1- What are the three basic steps in processing information and define each: a. Encoding- getting information.
Chapter 6 Memory 1.
Persistence of learning over time.  With memory, mind like a computer  Requires three steps:
Memory Chapter stages  Representations of the world with varying accuracy, error and bias  Encoding refers to making mental representations of.
THREE MEMORY PROCESSES  Encoding – making a mental representation to be placed into memory (meaningful association)  Storing – placing encoded information.
Ch 7. Memory Process by which we recollect prior experiences and information/skills learned in the past.
Module 11 Types of Memory. INTRODUCTION Definitions –Memory ability to retain information over time through three processes: encoding, storing, and retrieving.
Chapter 7 Memory. What is MEMORY? Memory – internal record of some prior event or experience; a set of mental processes that receives, encodes, stores,
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst.
Memory How do we retain information? How do we recall information?
Chapter 6 Memory. The mental processes that enable us to retain and sue information over time.
Chapter 7 Memory is the process by which we recollect prior experiences, information, and skills learned in the past.
Memory. Memory as storage, retention and retrieval of information. All information entering the brain passes through sensory memory and enters short-term.
Memory and Thought The Heart of Cognitive Psychology: Mental processes and their effect on behavior.
Chapter 7 Notes AP Tips. Be able to identify to three steps necessary to have memories. Encoding: the process of acquiring and entering information into.
Memory and Thought  Explain the three processes of memory  Describe the information-processing model of memory  Identify several memory retrieval processes.
Chapter 6 Memory. Copyright © 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2 The Nature of Memory Memory –the retention of information over time –Psychologists.
X. MEMORY. A. Memory as an information processing system. n 1. Computer metaphor... n 2. 4 steps or components. n a. Attention: (info is remembered only.
Chapter 7 Memory. Objectives 7.1 Overview: What Is Memory? Explain how human memory differs from an objective video recording of events. 7.2 Constructing.
MEMORY, COGNITION & INFORMATION PROCESSING MEMORY The.
Do you agree or disagree with this statement? “Memory is what makes our lives… Without it, we are nothing”.
Back to Board Welcome to Jeopardy!. Back to Board Today’s Categories~ ~ Stages and Types of Memory ~ How we Encode ~ What we Encode ~ Retaining & Storing.
Back to Board Welcome to Jeopardy!. Back to Board Today’s Categories~ ~ Stages and Types of Memory ~ How we Encode ~ What we Encode ~ Retaining & Storing.
Chapter 7: Memory Key Terms
Chapter 7 Memory.
MEMORY The ability to store and retrieve information over time.
Chapter 8 - Information Processing and Memory
Memory and Thought Introduction The Processes of Memory
CH. 8: Information Processing & Memory
Chapter 7 Memory The 3-3’s of Memory 3 Kinds of Memory
The ability to store and retrieve information over time.
Memory.
Lap 6 Memory and Thought The Heart of Cognitive Psychology:
Presentation transcript:

Acquiring, Processing, and Retaining Information Chapter 8 Acquiring, Processing, and Retaining Information

I. Acquiring Information Learning Curves Attention + motivation = rapid learning Engaged Chemicals in brain Learning curve Gradual increase in retained material

I. Acquiring Information Chemical Influences on Learning Stimulants increase learning (too much is bad though) Depressants decrease learning *State-dependent learning

I. Acquiring Information Emotional Factors in learning Having emotion involved increases learning Increases brain activity

I. Acquiring Information Transfer of Training: transfer knowledge to new situations Positive Transfer: two similar tasks Use past task to help with new Negative Transfer: previously learned task interferes with learning new task Old task interferes with the new

III. Information Processing Theory 3 stages information passes through before it is stored Sensory Memory, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory Long Term is where encoding happens

III. Information Processing Theory Sensory Memory Iconic Memory (some not all encoded) Short-Term (Working Memory) Events encoded as visual, acoustic or semantic codes Selective attention – we encode what we are attending to Rehearsal, mnemonic devices encoding Long-Term Unlimited capacity for memory Episodic, Semantic, Procedural

III. Retaining Information Short & Long Term Memory Amnesia: blocking of older memories/loss of new ones Serial position effect – order of items in a list Sequence of Memory Loss Primacy and Recency effect Primacy – remember the 1st things Recency – remember the last things

II. Info Processing Theory Using a Schema: way of solving problems Importance of Organizing Information Concepts Prototypes

II. Info Processing Special Processes Elaboration: Making maximum number of associations to a basic concept Easy retrieval Tie new information to old information Example: New=REM, Old=Dream REM=Dream

II. Info Processing Mnemonic Devices: memory aids Method of Loci: Remember spatial relationships Acronyms: ROY G. BIV Narrative Chaining: Make a story to remember

II. Info Processing Principle Learning: learn basic idea Chunking: Arranging things into clusters or chunks of information Spacing Effect: Retain more if you study a little bit over a longer period of time

III. Retaining Information Principles of Forgetting Forgetting: errors when trying to recall memory The forgetting curve Overlearning: learn it over and over and over >1 Reptition “Oh Say Can You See _______” “Who Let the Dogs________”

III. Retaining Information Recall & Recognition: Recall: ability to bring back and to integrate many specific learned details Recognition: Ability to pick the correct object or even from a lit of choices Tip of the tongue phenomenon

III. Retaining Information Ebbinghaus – nonsense syllables Interference Theory: new/old information conflict with each other

III. Retaining Information Mechanisms of Memory Physical Change in synapse Chemicals increase with learning Making connections faster Long Term Potentiation – strengthening neural signals

III. Retaining Information Unusual Types of Memory Photographic Memory (eidetic) Eye-witness Memory Very defective Who Dunnit? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubNF9QNEQLA&feature=related Fox News Eye Witness http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iav4n6X9jGo Discovery Channel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSzPn9rsPcY&feature=related 60 Minutes Part 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-SBTRLoPuo&feature=related Part 2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4V6aoYuDcg&feature=fvw

Works Cited http://sportskate.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/sunglasses-coke-can1.jpg http://blog.masslive.com/elpueblolatino/2008/07/4%20diverse%20kids%20smiling.jpg http://memory.uva.nl/memimprovement/eng/elaboration.htm http://coe.jmu.edu/LearningToolbox/images/homes.gif http://www.clipartguide.com/_named_clipart_images/0511-0906-2212- 2315_Black_and_White_Cartoon_of_a_Boy_Cramming_for_a_Test_clipart_image.jpg

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.