The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration R&D Program and Participation in the IDS

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, NFMCC Mission  Extensive experimental program to verify the theoretical and simulation predictions To study and develop the theoretical tools, the software simulation tools, and to carry out R&D on the hardware that is unique to the design of Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Current Organization R&D Tasks DOE/NSF Laboratories/MCOG P. Bond, S. Holmes, J. Siegrist MUTAC R. Kephart Collaboration Spokespersons A. Bross, H. Kirk Project Manager M. Zisman Simul.  COOL TargetMICE Executive Board Technical Board Collaborating Institutions Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration (NFMCC) Other

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Collaborating Institutions National Labs Argonne BNL Fermilab LBNL Oak Ridge Thomas Jefferson Universities Columbia Cornell IIT Indiana Michigan State Northern Illinois Princeton UC-Berkeley UC-Davis UC-Los Angeles UC-Riverside University of Chicago National Labs Budker DESY INFN JINR, Dubna KEK RAL TRIUMF Universities Karlsruhe Imperial College Lancaster Osaka Oxford Pohang Tel Aviv USInternational Corporate Partners Muons Inc. Tech-X Corporation

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Core Program Targetry R&D: Mercury Intense Target Experiment (MERIT) Spokesperson: Kirk McDonald Project Manager: Harold Kirk Ionization Cooling R&D: MuCool and MICE MuCool Spokesperson: Alan Bross US MICE Leader: Dan Kaplan Simulations & Theory Coordinator: Rick Fernow Muon Collider Task Force * * Being organized Fermilab

Hardware Activities

MuCool

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MuCool Program  Currently consists of 9 institutions from the US and Japan RF Development ANL Fermilab IIT JLAB LBNL Mississippi Absorber R&D Fermilab IIT KEK NIU Mississippi Osaka Solenoids LBNL Mississippi  Mission u Design, prototype and test all cooling channel components (SFOFO) u 201 MHz RF Cavities, absorbers, SC solenoids u Support MICE (cooling demonstration experiment) u Perform high beam-power engineering test of cooling section components

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10,  R&D Focus of MuCool u Component testing Fermilab s RF Cavities –High RF-power Testing s Absorbers –Technology tests –High power-load testing With beam s Magnets

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MuCool Test Area  Facility to test all components of cooling channel (not a test of ionization cooling) u At high beam power s Designed to accommodate full Linac Beam s 1.6 X Hz – 2.4 X p/s –  600 W into 35 cm LH MeV u RF power from Linac (201 and 805 MHz test stands) s Waveguides pipe power to MTA

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MTA  The MTA is the focus of our Activities u RF testing (805 and 201 MHz) u High pressure H 2 gas- filled RF u LH 2 Absorber tests  Two parts of infrastructure yet to be completed u Cryo Plant u Beam Line

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MTA Hall

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MTA Hall Instrumentation CsI Plastic Scintillator Magnet Chipmunk

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Phase I of RF Cavity Closed Cell Magnetic Field Studies (805 MHz)  Data seem to follow universal curve u Max stable gradient degrades quickly with B field  Sparking limits max gradient  Copper surfaces the problem Gradient in MV/m Peak Magnetic Field in T at the Window

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Phase II of 805 MHz studies  Study breakdown and dark current characteristics as function of gradient and applied B field in Pillbox cavity u Curved Be window Test s TiN coated s Cavity has been conditioned to 32MV/m without B field s Measurements at 2.5T –Stable gradient limited < 17MV/m u Button test s Evaluate various materials and coatings –TiN, ALD –W,Cu,Mo,SS,.. s Quick Change over

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, New 805 MHz RF data  Recent repeat of Max Grad with B u No conditioning observed

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MHz Imaging

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, RF R&D – 201 MHz Cavity Design  The 201 MHz Cavity is now operating u Reached 16MV/m at B=0 (design gradient!)

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, X-ray rates From 201 MHz Cavity B=0

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Program  Conditioning 201 Cavity through multipacting u Observed at very low field  This is now ready to begin  Configuration shown to right u Allows for approximately 2T on axis at window facing magnet s Magnet operating in solenoid mode at 5T (max) u Field falls off rapidly in both r and z u We have also full azimuthal coverage to measure x-ray rates s Thin and totally absorbing plastic scintillator counters s Spectroscopy - NaI

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, High Pressure H 2 Filled Cavity Work Muon’s Inc  High Pressure Test Cell  Study breakdown properties of materials in H 2  Just finished run in B field  No degradation in M.S.G. up to  3.5T

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10,  2D Transverse Cooling and  Figure of merit: M=L R dE  /ds M 2 (4D cooling) for different absorbers Absorber Design Issues H 2 is clearly Best - Neglecting Engineering Issues Windows, Safety

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Convective Absorber Activities  First Round of studies of the KEK absorber performed in the MTA u GHe used to input power

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Convective Absorber Activities II

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Convective Absorber Activities III  Next Round of tests will use a modified absorber  Test u Electrical Heater u New Temperature sensors u LH liquid level sensor Absorber Body being modified in Lab 6 at Fermilab Instrumentation will be used in MICE

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, LiH Test Program  Produce encapsulating cast (not pressed) samples u Small disk (5-10 cm) for intense radiation exposure s Look at Material stability primarily s Temperature Profile u Large disk (30 cm) for detailed thermal conductivity studies s External Cooling + Internal Heating s Potential absorber for MICE Phase I –Non-instrumented, no cooling

MICE

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE Beam Diffuser Focus Coils Liquid Hydrogen Absorbers RF Cavities Tracking Spectrometers Matching Coils Radiation shield Magnetic shield Coupling Coils

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, US MICE  Tracker Module u Solenoids u Fiber ribbons u VLPC System s VLPCs, Cryostats and cryo-support equipment, AFEIIt (front-end readout board), VME memory modules, power supplies, cables, etc  Absorber Focus Coil Module u LH 2 and vacuum safety windows s Fabrication and QC  RF Module u Coupling Coils u RF Cavities  Particle ID u Upstream Cerenkov

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MuCool and MICE  MuCool Collaboration interface to MICE u Design Optimization/develop of Study II cooling channel s Simulations u Detailed engineering s Full component design s Systems integration s Safety u RF cavity development, fabrication, and test s 201 MHz operation in B field u Absorber development, fabrication, and test s Ends with KEK prototype tests u MuCool will prototype and test cooling hardware including MICE pieces for which the collaboration is responsible

MERIT

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, MERIT –Mercury Intense Target  Test of Hg-Jet target in magnetic field (15T)  Submitted to CERN April, 2004 (approved April 2005)  Located in TT2A tunnel to ISR, in nTOF beam line  First beam ∼ Summer, 2007  Test 50 Hz operation at 24 GeV  4 MW

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10,

34 nozzle A before reaming ORNL 2006 Nov 28 runs 10 m/s ORNL 2006 Nov 29 run, uprighted image Nozzle C 20 m/s Movies of viewport #2, SMD camera, 0.1 ms/frame nozzle A after reaming

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Merit Instrumentation  Developed Full Mars Simulation u Particle fluxes, energy deposition, absorbed dose and residual activity in the experimental hall u Absorbed dose and activation of mercury system u Secondary particle production  Study/define diagnostics needed for experiment u Radiation load in components u Radiation shielding u Particle production in secondary beam

Design and Simulation

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Design and Simulation - Some Specific Areas of Study Cool here  Capture/Bunch/Rotation/Cool  Time  Energy Two fixed point acceleration: half synchrotron oscillation + path between fixed points Linear nonscaling FFAG H 2 filled cavities

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Design and Simulation - Acceleration    

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, NF Detector - Design and Simulation  Looking at Totally-Active Sampling Detector u Scintillator Based  Magnetized u 0.5T

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Totally Active Segmented Detector Simulation of a Totally Active Scintillating Detector (TASD) using No a and Miner a concepts with Geant4 3 cm 1.5 cm 15 m 100 m u 3333 Modules (X and Y plane) u Each plane contains 1000 slabs u Total: 6.7M channels  Momenta between 100 MeV/c to 15 GeV/c  Magnetic field considered: 0.5 T  Reconstructed position resolution ~ 4.5 mm

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, TASD Performance Muon reconstructed efficiencyMuon charge mis-ID rate

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Large Magnetic Volumes Possible magnet schemes Steel 15 m x 15 m x 15m solenoid modules; B = 0.5 T Magnet Superconducting coil magnet cost extrapolation formulas: Use stored energy – 14M$/module Use magnetic volume – 60M$/module GEM magnet extrapolation – 69 M$/module x10 modules! Warm coil magnets: Total cost: $5m x 10 = $50M (.1-.2T) Problem: operational cost (>$13M/year with factor of 3 uncertainty)

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Large Magnetic Volumes II  Cost Driver is not stored energy  Vacuum Loading for vacuum insulated cryostats (A. Herve, CERN) u P 0 = 0.33 S 0.8 (Price of equivalent zero energy) u P = P E 0.7 (Total Price of magnet) s S = Surface of the cryostat s V = Mean magnetized volume s E = Stored energy  Must get rid of vacuum loading u Foam Insulated s High T c SC u SC “Pipe” SC Pipe?

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, Back to the Future - VLHC  Fermilab TM-2149 (2001) SC Transmission Line  3” 

45 Magnetic cavern design 1 m iron wall thickness. ~2.4 T peak field in the iron.

46 |B| in XZ cross-section Without iron With iron Better field uniformity with iron in the end sections

47 Parameters $1000/m  $50M 100 kA op demonstrated

48 US – NFMCC 5 Year Budget Plan Note: The Advanced Accelerator R&D Sub-panel recommended that a doubling of our funds would be appropriate. Our Muon Technical Advisory Council recommended a similar scenario For FY07 - DOE has asked what we would do with additional funds if a +10% or +20% budget increase were forthcoming. This is on the total including base ($3.6M) Base Program funds: remain as in FY06: BNL ($0.9M); Fermilab ($0.6M); LBNL ($0.3M)

Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, NFMCC Participation in the IDS  Areas of Interest u Proton Driver s BNL, Fermilab u Targetry s BNL, Fermilab, Princeton u Capture and phase rotation s Fermilab u Cooling s BNL, Fermilab, IIT, LBNL, UCLA, UC Riverside u Acceleration s BNL, Fermilab, TJNL u Detector Design and Simulation s Fermilab, IIT, University of Mississippi  Our level of effort, however, will depend on our budget in the out years. But there is some reason to be optimistic