TIMELINE 1826–1835 1826 The Fredonian Rebellion breaks out 1828 Mier y Terán tours Texas 1830 The Law of April 6, 1830, is passed 1832 Conflict occurs at Anahuac 1832 Santa Anna launches a revolution against the Mexican government 1832 The Convention of 1832 is held 1832 The Turtle Bayou Resolutions are written 1833 The Convention of 1833 is held 1835 The Battle of Gonzales begins 1835 Fighting breaks out at the Battle of San Antonio

BWYK The Road to Revolution During the 1800s thousands of U.S. immigrants came to Texas. As they dd, conflict with the Mexican Government soon developed. When President Antonio Lopez Santa Anna abandoned the Constitution of 1824, tensions increased in Texas BWYK: If you were there, Would you support war or peace? Consider: Benefits of Texas going to war with Mexico Disadvantages of going to war with Mexico

Political New governments have more problems than old governments. YBH The Road to Revolution what's your opinion? Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? (Support your opinion Political New governments have more problems than old governments. Economic Economic factors such as trade are usually the cause of conflicts between nations. Geography Transportation systems affect economic growth. (Remember there are no right or wrong answers, just your informed opinion.)

1 OBJECTIVES Explain why tensions arose between the Mexican government and the Texas settlers. Identify the events that led to the passage of the Law of April 6, 1830. Describe the effect that the Law of April 6, 1830, had on Texas colonists.

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW 1 Not long after colonization began in Texas, conflicts erupted between the Mexican government and the colonists. Even though Mexican officials attempted to control the conflicts, their efforts served to anger and unify the colonists. WHY IT MATTERS NOW The issue of immigration continues to cause conflict today between the United States and Mexico.

1 Road to Revolution The Mexican government had a long standing fear that the United States would use the Anglo colonists to acquire Texas by purchase or revolution. The Mexican Constitution of 1824 introduced democracy in Tejas with citizens able to vote and granted limited rights. Continuous immigration of Americans into Tejas encouraged democratic government, including individual rights protected by a Constitution. In 1826, Haden and Benjamin W. Edwards ignited the Fredonian Rebellion, but were suppressed by Mexican soldiers supported by Stephen F. Austin's colonies.

The Mexican constitution that established a states’ rights government was the Constitution of 1824 True False

The conflict around Nacogdoches that confirmed Mexican fears that Texans were trying to take over the government was known as the Fredonian Rebellion True False

The comander whose inspection of Texas led to the passing of the Law of April 6, 1830 was Santa Anna Mier y Teran Haden Edwards [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

In states’ rights theory a state could choose whether to obey or enforce federal laws. True False

Which empresario was ordered to leave Texas by Governor Victor Blanco [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Haden Edwards Green DeWitt Stephen F. Austin

1 CRITICAL THINKING What did nationalist leaders in Mexico infer from the Fredonian Rebellion? What developments in Texas alarmed the Mexican government? What actions by the Mexican government alarmed Texans? Summarize the provisions of the Law of April 6, 1830, and describe Texans’ reactions to it.

2 OBJECTIVES Describe the controversy surrounding the Constitution of 1824. Explain the significance of the Turtle Bayou Resolutions. Identify the events that led to the arrest of Stephen F. Austin.

Road to Revolution A series of attacks in 1832 resulted in the withdrawal of Mexican troops from Anahuac, Velasco, Nacogdoches, and Tenochtitlan. On June 12, 1832, Anglo-American settlers opposed to the rule of Mexican commander John Davis Bradburn. Colonist composed the Turtle Bayou Resolutions, which explained their attack against the Centralist troops at Anahuac.

2 Road to Revolution The colonists held the Conventions of 1832 and 1833 and asked for a number of privileges and reforms In 1830, a law granting exemptions for tariffs had expired causing friction between the Mexican government and Anglo colonists. Both conventions adopted petitions asking for extension of the tariff exemptions. When the federal system was instituted in 1824, Congress united Coahuila and Texas as a single state, both conventions declared that Texas was able to maintain a state government and asked for separation. Apprehension over heavy Anglo-American colonization led Congress to pass the Law of April 6, 1830, forbidding immigrants to settle in Texas. The conventions petitioned for its repeal. The Resolutions of the Convention of 1832 were never delivered.

2 Road to Revolution Austin was elected to present the petitions of 1833 that; repealed the immigration restriction of the law of April 6, 1830, held the tariff plea in suspension, and took no action on the petition for statehood. On his way home, Austin was arrested and held a prisoner in Mexico until July 1835. Upon his return from Mexico, Austin gave his approval to the Consultation and was made chairman of a committee of safety and correspondence at San Felipe. At Copano Bay, Gen. Martín Perfecto de Cos announced his intention to punish those who led the uprising at Anahuac and in his proclamation was the hint that he would drive the American settlers out of Texas. On October 9, 1835 Texans seized Goliad, the location of a Mexican fort on the road from Copano to San Antonio. There, at the battle of Gonzales, (Come and Take It Battle) the first shot in the Texas Revolution was fired.

John Davis Bradburn was dismissed from his command for arresting Patrick Jack and William Travis, among other offenses. True False

After delivering the resolutions of the Convention of 1833 to Gomez Farias, Stephen F. Austin wrote a letter that led to his arrest. True False

Although he was actually a Centralist, Santa Anna made the Texans believe he was a supporter of states’ rights. True False

The Battle of Velasco was the first time Texan and Mexican soldiers shot at one another. True False

The meeting in San Felipe in October 1832 became know as the Convention of 1832. True False

When Santa Anna changed his allegiance from Spain to Mexico, he changed his residence. True False

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW 2 Clashes between Texas colonists and Mexican leaders over states’ rights led Texans to petition for a separate state. WHY IT MATTERS NOW Early battles and the Conventions of 1832 and 1833 established the foundations of an independent Texas.

2 CRITICAL THINKING Describe the problems that arose in Texas concerning the Mexican Constitution of 1824. What message did the Texas colonists convey in the Turtle Bayou Resolutions? What sequence of events resulted in the arrest of Stephen F. Austin?

3 OBJECTIVES Explain the controversy that arose over the Constitution of 1824. Describe Santa Anna’s role in the development of the Texas Revolution. Identify the significance of the Battle of Gonzales.

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW 3 When Santa Anna gained control of the Mexican government, he sent Mexican troops into Texas once again. His actions convinced many Texans that independence was the solution. WHY IT MATTERS NOW Clashes between the colonists and the Mexican soldiers led to the beginning of the Texas Revolution.

3 CRITICAL THINKING How did Santa Anna’s new constitution create conflict in Texas? How did Santa Anna’s actions in 1835 lead to physical conflict with the Texans? What was the significance of the Battle of Gonzales? How did the Texans’ actions differ from their words?

REVIEW QUESTIONS Tensions Mount Between Mexico and Texas (pages 192–197) What two factors led to the beginning conflicts between Texas colonists and Mexican leaders? What conclusions did Mier y Terán make about the conditions in Texas? A Bitter Division Evolves (pages 198–204) Why were the colonists upset by the presence of Mexican troops in Texas? What led Mexican officials to arrest Stephen F. Austin?

REVIEW QUESTIONS continued The Conflict Escalates (pages 205–210) Why did the colonists in Texas change their opinion of Santa Anna? What decision did the delegates at the Consultation make concerning Texas’s relationship with Mexico?

CRITICAL THINKING Making Inferences Describe the reaction of colonists to the Fredonian Rebellion. Who did most colonists side with? Why? Supporting a Point of View What was the colonists’ purpose for writing the Turtle Bayou Resolutions? What did they hope to accomplish?

CRITICAL THINKING continued Making a Hypothesis What impact did the Texans’ victory at San Antonio have on future events? What might have changed if the Mexican troops had won this battle? Comparing Information Compare the causes of the Texas Revolution and the American Revolution.