OSHA Office of Training and Education 1 Hazard Communication

OSHA Office of Training and Education 2 Introduction !About 32 million workers work with and are potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards !There are an estimated 650,000 existing chemical products, and hundreds of new ones being introduced annually !Chemical exposure may cause or contribute to many serious health effects such as heart ailments, central nervous system, kidney and lung damage, sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes !Some chemicals may also be safety hazards and have the potential to cause fires and explosions and other serious accidents

OSHA Office of Training and Education 3 Purpose of OSHA’s Hazard Communication (HazCom) Standard Hazard Communication Program Container Labeling Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS Program Label To ensure that employers and employees know about work hazards and how to protect themselves so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous chemicals is reduced.

OSHA Office of Training and Education 4 Who is covered? OSHA’s HazCom standard applies to general industry, shipyard, marine terminals, longshoring, and construction employment and covers chemical manufacturers, importers, employers, and employees exposed to chemical hazards.

OSHA Office of Training and Education 5 Employer Responsibilities !Identify and list hazardous chemicals in their workplaces !Obtain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and labels for each hazardous chemical, if not provided by the manufacturer, importer, or distributor !Implement a written HazCom program, including labels, MSDSs, and employee training !Communicate hazard information to employees through labels, MSDSs, and formal training programs

OSHA Office of Training and Education 6 How can workplace hazards be minimized? !The first step in minimizing workplace hazards is to perform a thorough hazard assessment !Employers can rely on the evaluations performed by the manufacturers or importers to establish the hazards of the chemicals they use >This information is obtained from MSDSs and labels

OSHA Office of Training and Education 7 Why is a written program required? !Ensures that all employers receive the information they need to inform and train their employees !Provides necessary hazard information to employees (f) "Labels and other forms of warning." (g) "Material safety data sheets." (h) "Employee information and training." HazCom Program

OSHA Office of Training and Education 8 Written HazCom Program Requirements !Describes container labeling, MSDSs, and employee training for each workplace !List of the hazardous chemicals !Make information regarding hazards and protective measures available to other employers onsite

OSHA Office of Training and Education 9 How must chemicals be labeled? !Identity of the chemical !Appropriate hazard warnings !Name and address of the responsible party Each container of hazardous chemicals entering the workplace must be labeled or marked with:

OSHA Office of Training and Education 10 Container Labeling in the Workplace !The hazard warning can be any type of message, picture, or symbol that provides information on the hazards of the chemical(s) and the targeted organs affected, if applicable !Labels must be legible, in English (plus other languages, if desired), and prominently displayed

OSHA Office of Training and Education 11 Material Safety Data Sheets !Physical hazards, such as fire and explosion !Health hazards, such as signs of exposure !Routes of exposure !Precautions for safe handling and use !Emergency and first-aid procedures !Control measures Prepared by the chemical manufacturer or importer and describe:

OSHA Office of Training and Education 12 Material Safety Data Sheets (cont’d) !Must be in English and include information regarding the specific chemical identity and common names !Must provide information on the: >Physical and chemical characteristics >Health effects >Exposure limits >Carcinogenicity (cancer-causing) >Organization responsible for preparing the sheet !Must be readily accessible to employees in their work area

OSHA Office of Training and Education 13 Material Safety Data Sheets (cont’d) !MSDSs have no prescribed format !If no MSDS has been received for a hazardous chemical, employer must contact the supplier, manufacturer, or importer to obtain one and maintain a record of the contact

OSHA Office of Training and Education 14 Training !At the time of initial assignment !Whenever a new hazard is introduced into their work area Training is required for employees who are exposed to hazardous chemicals in their work area:

OSHA Office of Training and Education 15 What training is needed to protect workers? !Explanation of the HazCom program, including information on labels, MSDSs, and how to obtain and use available hazard information !Hazards of chemicals !Protective measures such as engineering controls, work practices, and the use of PPE !How to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical (using monitoring devices, observation, or smell)

OSHA Office of Training and Education 16 What information must be provided to workers? !The HazCom standard and its requirements !Operations in their work areas where hazardous chemicals are present !Location and availability of the written hazard evaluation procedures, communications program, lists of hazardous chemicals, and the required MSDSs Employees must be informed of:

OSHA Office of Training and Education 17 Summary !OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard is based on a simple concept - that employees have both a need and a right to know the hazards and identities of the chemicals they are exposed to when working !Employees also need to know what protective measures are available to prevent adverse effects from occurring

18 Hazard Communication. Subpart Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances

19 Hazard Communication. subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !Purpose." (a)(1) To ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated, and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees. Hazard Communication Program Container Labeling Material Safety Data Sheet M.S.D.S. Program Label

20 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(a)(2) This occupational safety and health standard is intended to address comprehensively the issue of evaluating the potential hazards of chemicals, and communicating information concerning hazards and appropriate protective measures to employees >Developing and maintaining a written hazard communication program for the workplace >Lists of hazardous chemicals present; >Labeling of containers of chemicals in the workplace, >Containers of chemicals being shipped to other workplaces; >Preparation and distribution of material safety data sheets to employees and downstream employers; >Development and implementation of employee training programs

21 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(b) "Scope and application." This section requires chemical manufacturers or importers to assess. Hazards of chemicals which they produce or import, and all employers to provide information to their employees about the hazardous chemicals to which they are exposed, by means of a hazard communication program, >labels and other forms of warning, >material safety data sheets, and >information and training. >In addition, this section requires distributors to transmit the required information to employers.

22 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(d) "Hazard determination." >Chemical manufacturers and importers shall evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces or imported by them to determine if they are hazardous. Employers are not required to evaluate chemicals unless they choose not to rely on the evaluation performed by the chemical manufacturer or importer for the chemical to satisfy this requirement. M.S.D.S.

23 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(e) "Written hazard communication program." Employers shall develop, implement, and maintain at each workplace, a written hazard communication program which at least describes how the criteria specified in paragraphs (f), (g), and (h) of this section for labels and other forms of warning, material safety data sheets, and employee information and training will be met. (f) "Labels and other forms of warning." (g) "Material safety data sheets." (h) "Employee information and training." Haz Com Program

24 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !A list of the hazardous chemicals known to be present using an identity that is referenced on the appropriate material safety data sheet (the list may be compiled for the workplace as a whole or for individual work areas); and, !The methods the employer will use to inform employees of the hazards of non-routine tasks (for example, the cleaning of reactor vessels), and the hazards associated with chemicals contained in unlabeled pipes in their work areas. (e) "Written hazard communication program." (continued)

25 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances "Multi-employer workplaces." –The methods the employer will use to provide the other employer(s) information on Haz Com –The methods the employer will use to inform the other employer(s) of any precautionary measures that need to be taken –The methods the employer will use to inform the other employer(s) of the labeling system –The employer may rely on an existing hazard communication program (e) "Written hazard communication program." (continued)

26 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(e)(4) The employer shall make the written hazard communication program available, upon request !(e)(5) Where employees must travel between workplaces during a workshift, i.e., their work is carried out at more than one geographical location, the written hazard communication program may be kept at the primary workplace facility. OSHA

27 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(f) "Labels and other forms of warning." The chemical manufacturer, importer, or distributor shall ensure that each container of hazardous chemicals leaving the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with the following information: >Identity of the hazardous chemical(s); >Appropriate hazard warnings; and >Name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party.

28 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(f)(5) Ensure that each container of hazardous chemicals in the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with the following information: >Identity of the hazardous chemical(s) >contained therein; and, Appropriate hazard warnings, or alternatively, words, pictures symbols, or combination thereof,

29 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(f)(6) The employer may use signs, placards, process sheets, batch tickets, operating procedures, or other such written materials in lieu of affixing labels to individual stationary process containers, as long as the alternative method identifies the containers to which it is applicable and conveys the information required by paragraph (f)(5) of this section to be on a label.

OSHA Office of Training and Education 30 (f)(7) The employer is not required to label portable containers into which hazardous chemicals are transferred from labeled containers, and which are intended only for the immediate use of the employee who performs the transfer.

31 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(f)(8) The employer shall not remove or deface existing labels on incoming containers of hazardous chemicals, unless the container is immediately marked with the required information. !(f)(9) The employer shall ensure that labels or other forms of warning are legible, in English, and prominently displayed

32 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(g) "Material safety data sheets." Chemical manufacturers and importers shall obtain or develop a material safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical they produce or import. Employers shall have a material safety data sheet in the workplace for each hazardous chemical which they use.

33 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances !(h) "Employee information and training." >Employers shall provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new physical or health hazard the employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area.

34 Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication. Subpart Number: Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances ! "Training." Employee training shall include at least: >Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical in the work area (such as monitoring conducted by the employer, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of hazardous chemicals when being released, etc.); >The physical and health hazards of the chemicals in the work area; >The measures employees can take to protect themselves from these hazards, including specific procedures the employer has implemented to protect employees from exposure to hazardous chemicals, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used; and, >The details of the hazard communication program developed by the employer, including an explanation of the labeling system and the material safety data sheet, and how employees can obtain and use the appropriate hazard information.