ARE YOU A “PRODUCT” OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?   What time did you get out of bed this morning? Who or what awakened you this morning? Did you eat a breakfast? Was an appliance used in any way to facilitate your breakfast? Explain. How far from school do you live? How did you get to school? When do you need to leave the house in order to be at HHS on time? How is the school day at Heritage High structured? Explain. What time do you plan to eat dinner this evening? With whom will you eat dinner? Where do you plan to eat dinner? Will an appliance be used in any way to facilitate your dinner? Explain. What will you do after dinner this evening? Will you use any electronic equipment after dinner? What time will you go to bed?

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Essential Questions What conditions exist which promote the industrial revolution? Why are the causes and consequences of rapid industrialization? What are the long-term global effects of Industrial growth?

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION It began in Britain in the 1760s It moved to northern Europe and North America.

LIFE IN BRITAIN BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Most people worked on farms. They lived in the country and grew their own food.

LIFE IN BRITAIN BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Clothes and furniture were made by hand at home from wool, wood and leather. There were craftsmen who worked in their own shops and made lots of different things like clothes, jewellery, tools and weapons.

Cottage Industry Before the Industrial Revolution, textiles were produced under the putting-out system, in which merchant clothiers had their work done in the homes of artisans or farming families. Production was limited by reliance on the spinning wheel and the hand loom; increases in output required more hand workers at each stage.

FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION POPULATION RISES IN CITIES Between 1700 and 1800 the population in Europe grew from 115 million to 187 million people. Urbanization

FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEED FOR PRODUCTS PRODUCED IN MASS QUANTITIES Causes: the increase in population The changes in people´s living conditions. People in the cities often could not grow their own food or make things by hand as they did in the country.

FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEED FOR NEW MACHINERY It was difficult to make products in great quantity by hand. The machines were invented to save time and produce a variety of different products in bigger quantities.

FACTOR OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEED FOR FACTORIES Factories were built for these new machines. The production was increased.

FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEED FOR MORE WORKERS With every new factory workers were needed. More and more people moved to the cities.

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS THE STEAM ENGINE In 1795 the Scotsman James Watt invented the first modern steam engine. This was a great invention because it created the energy to move the big machines used in industry, transportation and agriculture.

Cotton was spun and woven into cloth by hand in England until textile machinery, developed in the late 1700s, revolutionized its manufacture.

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS THE SPINNING JENNY The invention of the spinning Jenny (James Hargreaves, c.1764) created a major change in textile industry. .

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS Machines could not now make cloth quickly. People stopped making it at home and went to work in textile factories. In the 1770s cotton factories opened all over Britain. The textile industry became very important and Britain sold cotton and wool to other countries

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS STEAM TRAINS AND RAILWAYS In 1814 George Stephenson invented the first steam engine for railways. It pulled a train of eight heavy coal carriages.

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS From 1822-1825 Stephenson built the first railway in the world that carried both cargo and passengers, the Stockton and Darlington Railway in the north-east of England. There were carriages for four hundred and fifty people.

SOME IMPORTANT INVENTIONS The railway changed people´s lives in Britain and in other countries. It was faster and cheaper than other types of transport. With cheaper thansport costs businesses could sell their products in many new places, and people could travel more and more.

Outcomes Greater income disparity England becomes the major power in Europe through its successful trade Capitalism beats out mercantilism as the way to run a country

QUESTIONS Write your answers in a piece of paper and give it to your teacher.

QUESTIONS When did the Industrial Revolution began? Why did the people need to make products in mass quantities? How was life before the Industrial Revolution? How did the craftsmen work in their shop? What were the changes in the way of making products? What was the purpose of the machines?

QUESTIONS Where were these machines placed? Why did the people move to the cities? What did James Watt invent? What did the steam engine need to produce steam? Which invention created a major change in textile industry? What did Stephenson invent? How did the railway change people´s life?