Miller and Levine biology 7.1 – 7.2

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Presentation transcript:

Miller and Levine biology 7.1 – 7.2 Introduction to Cells Miller and Levine biology 7.1 – 7.2

How do we know cells exist? In 1665 Robert Hooke used an early microscope to examine a piece of cork (plant material). At the same time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a single lens microscope to examine pond water. Where did the term cells come from?

Cell Theory Following the discovery of cells, scientists agreed that both plants and animals are made of cells and are the smallest units of life. This lead to a cornerstone of biology known as “Cell Theory”. Cell Theory states: All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things. New cells are produced from existing cells.

How do we study cells? Light microscopes

How do we study cells? Electron microscopes

Two major cell categories Prokaryotic Bacteria Eukaryotic Animal cells Plant cells

What are the differences? Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Generally smaller and simpler - Generally larger and more complex DO NOT separate genetic material - DO separate their genetic in nucleus in nucleus

Why are cells small?

How are cells organized? Cell membrane/wall Cytoplasm Nucleus Within the cell are various organelles which you will read about in chapter 7.2 (Pg. 196)

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