DOK 5B Study Guide

Karyotype

1. What does dominant mean? The overpowering trait that is expressed whenever it is present. Ex. ZZ, Zz (dominant)

2. What does recessive mean? The trait that hides when a dominant trait is present. It is only expressed when there is no dominant trait. Ex. Vv, vv (recessive)

3a. What are all the possible genotypes for corn color? YY, Yy, yy Corn Color Yellow corn is dominant over white corn. Y – represents having yellow corn y – represents having white corn

3b. What are the possible phenotypes for corn color? Yellow, white

4. One rabbit has a genotype of Bb for fur color, and another rabbit has a genotype of Bb for fur color. B=brown fur and b=white fur. Draw a Punnett square for the cross. BBBb bb B B b b *Whenever two heterozygous dominant parents are crossed, there is a chance for a recessive baby

5. For the mating in #4, what are the possible genotypes and probability? BB (25%), Bb (50%), bb (25%)

6. For the mating in #4, what are the possible phenotypes and probability? Brown fur=75% White fur= 25%

7. Why are there three possible genotypes, but only two possible phenotypes? Note: This example is to help you understand the question and should not be repeated verbatim on the test.  For traits with only two choices, there are two ways to be dominant, so there are three genotypes. There are only two alleles available.

8. What is the goal of mitosis?  The goal of mitosis is to make new body cells for growth and repair.

9. What kind of cell is made by mitosis?  Mitosis makes body cells.

10. What is the purpose or goal of meiosis?  The goal of meiosis is to make gametes (reproductive cells) for sexual reproduction.

11. What kind of cells does meiosis make? Meiosis makes gametes (reproductive cells).

12. How many cells are produced by meiosis?  There are four new daughter cells produced by meiosis.

13. After meiosis, how much DNA do the resulting cells have in comparison to the original cell?  After meiosis, each of the four daughter cells have half of the original DNA.

14. If a cell has 14 chromosomes in the body cells, how many will the daughter cells have after meiosis?  There will be 7 chromosomes in each of the four daughter cells after meiosis.

15. What type of reproduction is meiosis for (sexual or asexual)?  Meiosis is FOR sexual reproduction.

16. What are 2 things that mitosis and meiosis have in common? 1. They both start with a cell that has 46 chromosomes. 2. They both go through cell division. 3. They both end with new daughter cells.

17. What are 2 ways that mitosis and meiosis differ? 1. Mitosis makes new body cells, while meiosis makes gametes for reproduction. 2. Mitosis is for growth and repair, but meiosis creates cells for reproduction. 3. Mitosis makes 2 cells with exact DNA. Meiosis makes 4 cells with half the DNA.

18. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis. Your paragraph should include the two similarities and two differences that you wrote about in the previous questions.

Visual  Go to the Science 7 webpage and find the link for page 130. Find an awesome visual to help you on the test!

Mitosis and Meiosis H2ztU