Temperature and Kinetic Theory 13-1 Atomic Theory of Matter Democritus first gave us the idea of the atom over 2,000 years ago. John Dalton revived this atom with his atomic theory… 1. All matter is made of indivisible atoms. 2. Atoms of the same element are identical, atoms of different elements are different from other elements. 3. Atoms of different elements can mix together or chemically combine with one another in simple, whole number ratios. 4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are combined, rearranged, or separated from one another, however an atom never changes to another type of atom.

13.1 cont’d Atomic mass or molecular mass is the mass of an atom or molecule in amu or u… u is an unified atomic mass unit 1/12 of a carbon 12 atom. 1u= 1.66x kg Another important piece of information that supports atomic theory is Brownian motion. There are 4 states of matter…solid, liquid, gas, and plasma…you should know how they appear at the microscopic level. See Example 13-1

13-2 Temperature and Thermometers Instruments designed to measure temperature are called thermometers. The scales for temperature are the Celsius or centigrade scale, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit scale. T c = 5/9 [T f -32] T f = 9/5 T c +32 See Example 13-2

HOMEWORK P 411 q 1-4 P412 p 1-8