Type 2: Adjective Phrases 1.An adjective phrase is another term for a ____________ phrase that __________________________ ____ and modifies ______________________. 2.An adjective phrase begins with a ___________________ and ends with its ______________.

Type 2: Adjective Phrases 1.An adjective phrase is another term for a prepositional phrase that acts as an adjective and modifies nouns or pronouns. 2.An adjective phrase begins with a preposition and ends with its object.

Adverbs

Definition An adverb is a word that modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

Adverbs that modify verbs The tornado nearly destroyed the town. adverbverb The hamster moved quickly in its cage. verb adverb They searched everywhere for the keys. verb adverb

Adverbs that modify adjectives He is an incredibly talented musician. adverb adjective Elizabeth is quite creative. adverb adjective The donation was very generous. adverb adjective

Adverbs that modify adverbs Joe speaks French very fluently. adverb adverb She drove extremely slowly in the snow. adverb adverb Buses depart quite regularly from here. adverbadverb

Adverbs answer the following questions: Where? When? How? To What extent? How much? How often? How long?

Some adverbs answer the question WHERE? Example: I went away on vacation during spring break.

Some common WHERE? adverbs: above away here inside there up

Examples of WHERE? adverbs: We looked everywhere for the lost dog. They went inside. Mom put my bag there.

“Where? Adverbs” vs. Prepositions A preposition requires an object. An adverb has no object. –If you want to see the eclipse, you will need to go outside. “OUTSIDE” tells you where you will need to go, so without an object “OUTSIDE” is an adverb. –Dorothy colors outside the lines. “OUTSIDE” is a preposition. “LINES” is the object of the preposition.

Some adverbs answer the question WHEN? Example: Let’s go the beach today.

Some common WHEN? adverbs: later now soon then tomorrow

Examples of WHEN? adverbs: My parents arrived late. I heard this song before. I recently read an article about Africa.

Some adverbs answer the question HOW? Example: The burglar softly crept to the safe.

Many “HOW? Adverbs” are made by adding –ly to the end of an adjective. Adjective: KIND Add –ly = KINDLY The Boy Scout kindly helped the old lady cross the street. Adjective: STRANGE Add –ly = STRANGELY It was strangely quiet in the hallways.

Common HOW? adverbs: clearly easily quietly slowly Notice the “-ly” ending!

Examples of HOW? adverbs: The snow melted quickly in the sun. The gymnast carefully walked across the balance beam. Secretively, the children hid the gift under the bed. Notice the “-ly” ending!

Be careful! Not all –ly words are adverbs! The lonely man walked away from the crowd. (Lonely is an adjective.) Lovely flowers arrived for my birthday. (Lovely is an adjective.) We live in a friendly neighborhood. (Friendly is an adjective.)

And some adverbs answer the question TO WHAT Extent? (How much? How long? How often?) Example: The Arctic Circle is quite cold.

Some common TO WHAT Extent? adverbs: almost so too more least extremely quite very not always usually continuously never forever briefly

Examples of TO WHAT Extent? adverbs: We ran fast enough to catch the bus. She briefly summarized the story. They never visit the library.

Let’s look at some more examples. Can you find the adverb, tell what word it modifies, and which question it answers?

Example: The sprinter ran swiftly. The adverb ___ modifies the ___ ___ and tells ____. The adverb swiftly modifies the verb ran and tells how.

Jane comforted a very small child. The adverb ___ modifies the ______ ____ and tells ___. The adverb very modifies the adjective small and tells to what extent. The teacher sometimes quotes from Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech. The adverb _______ modifies the ____ ____ and tells ___. The adverb sometimes modifies the verb quotes and tells to what extent.

Put the apples there, and pay for them later. The adverb ___ modifies the ______ ____ and tells ___. The adverb there modifies the verb put and tells where. The adverb later modifies the verb pay and tells when. The fire blazed too wildly for anyone to enter the building. The adverb ___ modifies the _____ _____ and tells ______. The adverb too modifies the adverb wildly and tells to what extent. The adverb wildly modifies the verb blazed and tells how.

Type 1: Why is this funny?

Homework: worksheet

Adverb phrase A prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, adjective, or an adverb.

Adverb Phrases modifying verbs 1.The child ran to the playground. 2. I sang after her performance. 3. The girl played with great skill. 4. He had studied for two hours.

Adverb phrases modifying adjectives 1. The gymnast was tired after her beam routine. 2.My mom is active in the PTO. 3.I became sick from that nasty food.

Adverb phrases modifying adverbs 1. You are speaking too softly for me to hear. 2. The cat napped late into the afternoon.

Let’s look at some more examples. Can you find the adverb phrase, tell what word it modifies, and which question it answers?

Example The sprinter ran toward the finish line. The adverb phrase ___ modifies the ___ ___ and tells ____. The adverb phrase toward the finish line modifies the verb ran and tells where.

Example GVMS was built in the year The adverb phrase ___ modifies the ______ and tells ____. The adverb phrase in the year 2000 modifies the verb phrase was built and tells when.

Example The King and Queen ruled their kingdom for many years. The adverb phrase ___ modifies the ___ ___ and tells ____. The adverb Phrase for many years modifies the verb ruled and tells to what extent (how long).

Example You are acting like a baby! The adverb phrase ___ modifies the ___ ___ and tells ____. The adverb Phrase Like a baby modifies the verb phrase are acting and tells how.

Review: prepositional Phrases Adjective phrases modify Nouns and pronouns. The boy in the orange shirt is tall like his brother. Adverb phrases modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. The boy in the orange shirt is tall like his brother.

Homework