©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 10 Music and Movement “Music is one of our greatest inheritances as human beings. So global is the human experience of music that it has often been called the universal language of humankind” (Moomaw, 1984).

©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Overview A developmentally appropriate classroom will weave music and movement into the daily curriculum All humans are born with an innate capability for music –That capability is influenced by the music system of the culture in which the child is born Music is a language, a means of communication In young children, music and movement are intertwined

©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Music and Movement Education Should be a focused part of the day and also be integrated with other content areas. Children learn best by acting on what they experience Music and movement activities nurture the development of minds, bodies, emotions, and language

Effect of Music and Movement on Domains Music and movement activities: –Encourage physical development The importance of play –Incorporate intellectual growth –Involve listening –Provide socially and emotionally responsive activities –Cultivate musical language development –Stimulate children’s creativity and uniqueness ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Motor Development and Physical Fitness Developing physical skills can be compared to learning to read and write or learning math or science concepts-it has equal importance Requires indoor and outdoor activities Motor development –Large muscle development –Small muscle development ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Types of Movement Locomotor movement (movement in space) –Moving the whole body from one place to another Nonlocomotor movement (movement in place) –Feet remain stationary while other parts of the body move Manipulative movement –Gross motor movements involving force imparted to or received from objects, or any gross motor skill in which an object is involved Kinesthetic ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Basic Musical Terms Beat - an accent of sound or a continuing series of accents Melody - a sequence of tones of varying pitches organized in a rhythmically meaningful way Pitch - the highness or lowness of a tone on a musical scale Rhythm - a sense of movement and patterns in music created by beats, the duration and volume of sounds, and the silences between sounds ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Basic Musical Terms (continued) Tempo - a sense of slowness or rapidity in music Timbre (TAM-bur) -the unique tone quality of a voice or a musical instrument Tone - an individual musical sound Volume -the softness or loudness of a sound ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Types of Music Copy slide #7 from old power point-add DVDs as seen below ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Human voice Instruments Environmental sounds Music from radio, TV, CDs, DVDs, etc.

Introduction of Classical Music Research has shown that classical music has a significant effect on the brain Gradually introduce classical background music into the environment Think about when and why you want to have music playing-be intentional Choose selections carefully Children should not be deprived of the whole musical picture because they are too young to understand it ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Musical Instruments Have instruments of good quality Encourage children to listen to the instruments, touch them, and experiment with making sounds and music on them Types of instruments [See figure 10-2] –Percussion –Wind –String –Brass ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Sequence of Introducing Musical Sounds and Instruments Introduce recordings children can sway to Have children clap to rhythm Use wind chimes Use music boxes Introduce instruments one at a time Have children play in groups Use jingle bells Experiment with vibrations ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Making Musical Instruments Instruments made from donated materials Drums Tambourine Wood-block tambourine Sandpaper blocks Shakers Wind chimes Nail scraper Shoe box guitar Flute ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Storing and Caring for Instruments All instruments, including those made by the children, should be treated with care Instruments are not to be used as toys or weapons Rules (limits) should be developed and explained Special storage place ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Music and Movement Environments Developmentally appropriate early music experiences should occur in child-initiated, child- directed, teacher-supported play environments Numerous music and movement activities should be provided DAILY, in a well-planned space Consider sound levels Classrooms should be arranged to accommodate music and movement, not just allowed outdoors or in a large motor room ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Music and Movement Activities Simon Says Friends Go Marching Poem, music, and movement Obstacle course Beanbags Move with scarves ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Connecting Music and Movement with Other Areas of the Curriculum Use music and musical activities to promote mathematical thinking Contributes to language curriculum by introducing vocabulary, sound patterns, and literacy skills Supports social studies by bringing into the classroom music, musical instruments, and dances from around the world Incorporate books [See Figure 10-12] ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Tips for Teachers Be aware that music activities prepare the brain for more difficult tasks needed later by preparing the brain to work from both hemispheres Invite families to participate in your music experiences Use a variety of approaches for including music and movement; e.g.: flannel board, puppets, simple props, books Know the songs well-sing them in their entirety, not phrase by phrase Incorporate simple actions into the songs Ask children to provide sound effects for a story Observe and listen to the children Be involved and enthusiastic Remember, music touches minds! ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.