World War II On Sept. 1, 1939 German troops invade Poland World War II begins…

WWII Alliances What were the major alliances? AXIS POWERS 1) Germany 2) Italy 3) Japan ALLIED POWERS 1)Britain 2)France Tripartite Pact Russia enters when Hitler violates Non-Aggression Pact (1941)! United States declares neutrality until 1941

Nazi Europe ~ 1942

Why contributed to Nazi success? Blitzkrieg –Lightning War –air and ground warfare (coordinated w/great speed!)

Battle of Britain: "The Battle of France is over. I expect the Battle of Britain is about to begin...” “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender.” - Winston Churchill, June ‘ A6BE-31C0F0AEDA56&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US A6BE-31C0F0AEDA56&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Lend-Lease Act March, 1941 "Suppose my neighbor's home catches fire, and I have a length of garden hose four or five hundred feet away. If he can take my garden hose and connect it up with his hydrant, I may help him to put out his fire...I don't say to him before that operation, "Neighbor, my garden hose cost me $15; you have to pay me $15 for it."... I don't want $15--I want my garden hose back after the fire is over. " The Great Arsenal of Democracy

The London Blitz ______________ dropped from Sept – May (35,000 tons) 11 consecutive weeks (London) 37,000 die; 87,000 injured How was life affected?

____________________Shelters

At a London railway station, arriving troops pass by children who are being evacuated to the countryside.

Firefighters at work in a bomb damaged street after a Sat. night raid in Blackouts/Destruction (2 million houses)

The British need something… _______________! $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

World War II - Turning Points: 1. Operation Barbarossa (6/’41) 2. Pearl Harbor (12/7/’41) 3. D-Day (6/’44) Europe 1942?

A Nazi Setback: The Invasion of Russia (6/1941): Non-aggression pact? 1.Operation Barbarossa (largest military operation in history!) a. 1 MILLION Soviets die in defense of city Why were they defeated? a.Germans underestimated Russian (Communist) strength, size, climate b.German confidence in victory did not prepare supply lines for the winter i.Tanks lack anti-freeze; couldn’t move! ii.Scorched-Earth policy; similar to Napoleon; German troops retreat “Death to the German Occupiers”

F.D.R. ( ) U.S. signs Declaration of War against Japan Germany & Italy declare war on the U.S. Pearl Harbor ( ) WAR IN THE PACIFIC

Effects of the A-Bomb: Hiroshima (Aug 6, 1945) 70,000 die immediately 100,000’s die from radiation 48,000 buildings destroyed Nagasaki Aug 9, ,000 die immediately 60,000 injured 100,000’s die from radiation

Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb V-J Day – Times Square Aug 14, ’45 – Japanese surrender

The Butterfly The last, the very last, So richly, brightly, dazzlingly yellow. Perhaps if the sun’s tears would sing against a white stone.... Such, such a yellow Is carried lightly ’way up high. It went away I’m sure because it wished to kiss the world good- bye. For seven weeks I’ve lived in here, Penned up inside this ghetto. But I have found what I love here. The dandelions call to me And the white chestnut branches in the court. Only I never saw another butterfly. That butterfly was the last one. Butterflies don’t live in here, in the ghetto.

What was the significance of D-Day? June 6, Allied troops fight the Nazis on the beaches of Normandy, France 2. Forces Germany to fight war on 2- fronts 3. Allies advance East

APRIL 28, 1945 Mussolini & mistress shot/hung Put on public display (Milan) APRIL 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide May 7, 1945 Germany surrenders

“V-E Day” May 8, 1945 Londoners Celebrate!

U.S. Marines on Mount Surbachi, Iwo Jima Feb 1945

1.Atlantic Charter (Aug,’41) 2. Declaration by the United Nations (Jan, ’42) Joint proclamations by US and Britain

Global II Announcements: 1.World War II Exam – Thurs. 2.Night of Remembrance – Wed., 4/18 a. MASSIVE EXTRA CREDIT 3.Scrapbook Page – Fri., 4/20

The Aftermath of War What do we do now? What issues need to be dealt with? 1.Future Peace 2.Dealing with the “losers” 3.Dealing with the Holocaust 4.New Issues

Article 2: Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this declaration, without distinction of any kind… Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 9: No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest… Article 13: Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. Article 18: Everyone has the right to freedom of thought/religion Article 20: Everyone has the right to freedom of assembly Article 21: Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country… — United Nations, December 10, 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 1.Future Peace

What is the main idea of the cartoon?

What do we do with Germany? EAST GERMANY (SOVIET CONTROL) WEST GERMANY (British, French, U.S. control) Russian Buffer Zone? 2. LOSERS

Post WWII ~ Economic Recoveries U.S. Financial Support JAPAN (Democratic Parliament) West Germany 2. LOSERS

In Nazi Germany, what percentage of the people were Perpetrators, Bystanders, & Rescuers ? (take a guess) Bystanders – 85% Perpetrators – 9% Rescuers - 4% *Approximate Values

"First They Came for the Jews" By Pastor Niemoller First they came for the Jews and I did not speak out because I was not a Jew. Then they came for the Communists and I did not speak out because I was not a Communist. Then they came for the trade unionists and I did not speak out because I was not a trade unionist. Then they came for me and there was no one left to speak out for me.

The Holocaust: Liberation What issues must surviving victims face? Displaced persons Broken families Health Trauma Reconciliation Justice Nuremberg War Crimes Trials Nov., ‘45 3. Holocaust

Increase in Nationalism (why?) INDIAAFRICA Spread of Communism 4. New Issues A) B)

4. New Issues Nuclear Proliferation