Methods of Travel Principles of Hospitality and Tourism Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Auto Travel Primary means of transportation used by leisure visitors (76%) who traveled for leisure purposes between August 2008 and July The percentage of leisure visitors traveling by auto varies by income, generation and other demographic characteristics. (Source: travelhorizons TM, July 2009)travelhorizons TM, July 2009 Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Air Travel Air is the secondary means of transportation used by leisure visitors who traveled for leisure purposes. (Source: travelhorizons TM, July 2009)travelhorizons TM, July 2009 Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Air Travel About 42 percent of U.S. adults reported traveling by air for leisure trips taken between August 2008 and July The percentage of air travelers increases to 48 percent among U.S. adults who traveled for business purposes in the past year. (Source: travelhorizons TM, July 2009)travelhorizons TM, July 2009 Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Air Travel Hassles A June 2008 study by the U.S. Travel Association revealed a deep frustration among air travelers that caused them to avoid an estimated 41 million trips over the past 12 months at a cost of more than $26 billion to the U.S. economy. The effect of avoided trips cost airlines more than $9 billion in revenue; hotels nearly $6 billion and restaurants more than $3 billion. Federal, state and local governments lost more than $4 billion in tax revenue because of reduced spending by travelers. (Source: Air Travel Survey, 2008) Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Airline Travel Currently a tax rate of 7.5% (Federal Excise Tax) plus a per passenger segment fee (currently $3.60 per domestic segment) is imposed on the amount paid for transportation of persons. A segment is one takeoff and one landing. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Airline Travel The domestic segment fee does not apply to any domestic segment beginning or ending at a rural airport. A rural airport is an airport which has fewer than 100,000 commercial passengers per year, is not located within seventy ‐ five miles of another airport which is not a rural airport and is receiving essential air service subsidies. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Airline Travel The international travel facilities tax is imposed at a current rate of $16.10 per passenger for any amount paid for international taxable transportation which begins or ends in the United States. No federal excise tax. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships Based on 2009 results and fourth quarter estimates, forecasting a record 13,445, 000 passengers cruised in An increase of 440,000 guests over million originating in North America 3.4% annual passenger growth for 2009 Demand continues to outstrip supply, even in the harshest economic environments. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships In 2009, fourteen new ships debuted, from AMA Waterways, Avalon Waterways, Carnival, Celebrity, Costa, MSC Cruises, Royal Caribbean International, Seabourn, Silversea Cruises and Uniworld Guest capacities ranging from 82 to 5,400 passengers, sailed the world’s waters for the first time. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships Caribbean - The dominant cruise destination, Accounting for 37.02% of all itineraries in 2009 Despite the decrease in capacity, passenger numbers have continued to increase for the Caribbean to record numbers. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships Today’s ships: onboard features and a world of innovation, including: surf poolsplanetariums on-deck LED movie screensgolf simulators water parksdemonstration kitchens self-leveling billiard tablesin-suite Jacuzzis multi-room villas w/private poolsice-skating rinks rock-climbing wallsbungee trampolines Today’s new ships also offer facilities to accommodate family members of all generations traveling together. More than 1.6 million children under the age of 18 sailed with their families in The average length of cruises is nearly 7 days (7.2 days).

Cruise Ships Fastest-growing category (industry) in the leisure travel market. The industry forecasts 14.3 million passengers in 2010, a 6.3% increase over Since 1980, the industry has experienced an average annual passenger growth rate of approximately 7.4% per annum.

Cruise Ships 30+ North American embarkation ports provide consumers: convenience cost savings value Cruise ships are within driving distance of 75% of North American vacationers. Customers can avoid air travel, lowering the cost of travel. The new home ports have introduced leisure cruising to a wider customer base. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships Cruiser target market is adults 25 years or older with household earnings of $40,000+. This segment represents 43% of the total US population. Estimated that only 19.9% of the total US population has cruised and 9.9% have done so within the last three years. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Cruise Ships Cruisers spend approximately $1,770 per person per week for their cruise. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Rail Travel The majority of rail travel occurred in two daily peaks. 36% of journeys started between 6:30 am and 10:00 am. 36% started between 4 pm and 8 pm.

Rail Travel Commuting to and from work or education accounted for the biggest share of all daily rail journeys (63%). 13% of travel was for business. 24% was for leisure. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Rail Travel National Train Day May 7 th years of connecting travelers coast to coast commemorates the day the first trans-continental railroad was created Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Rail Travel Amtrak is America’s Railroad, the nation’s intercity passenger rail provider and high- speed rail operator. A record 28.7 million passengers traveled on Amtrak in FY daily trains speeds up to 150 mph (241 kph) connects 46 states, District of Columbia and three Canadian Provinces Amtrak operates trains in partnership with 15 states and four commuter rail agencies. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Bus/Coach Travel Intercity bus, like Greyhound, is the safest mode of transportation over cars, trucks, trains, planes and other commercial vehicles, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Bus/Coach Travel The Greyhound fleet consists of about 1,250 buses with an average age of 7.2 years. One Greyhound bus takes an average of 34 cars off the road and achieves 184 passenger miles per gallon of fuel. Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.

Bus/Coach Travel Greyhound uses approximately 90 company-operated bus terminals and 850 agency-operated terminals or sales agencies. Including all stops, Greyhound serves more than 1,700 destinations in the United States.

Bus/Coach Travel 1.New York, New York 2.Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 3.Los Angeles, California 4.Atlantic City, New Jersey 5.Richmond, Virginia 6.Washington D.C. 7.Dallas, Texas 8.Atlanta, Georgia 9.Nashville, Tennessee 10.Chicago, Illinois Top 10 busiest terminals based on passenger volume in 2008 Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.