INTERNATIONAL ISSUES POLITICS OF DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA POLITICS OF DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA

OVERVIEW OF FACTORS RELATING TO DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA ◊Continent of 690 million people ◊Made up of 53 independent countries ◊15 countries are the least developed nations in the world ◊70% of pop. subsists on $2 a day ◊African continent is rich in natural resources - sea ports, minerals and land ◊Yet is described as the poorest continent in the world ◊Poorest countries are in the Horn of Africa ◊Continent of 690 million people ◊Made up of 53 independent countries ◊15 countries are the least developed nations in the world ◊70% of pop. subsists on $2 a day ◊African continent is rich in natural resources - sea ports, minerals and land ◊Yet is described as the poorest continent in the world ◊Poorest countries are in the Horn of Africa

WHY DOES AFRICA LACK DEVELOPMENT? ◊It is due to combined factors relating to SOCIAL, ECONOMIC and POLITICAL issues that impede development ◊Some factors operate within Africa, while others are external ◊There is no one single factor explaining Africa’s lack of development ◊Natural disasters occur through,drought, flooding, crop failures and climate change ◊These contribute to major food shortages ◊It is Africa’s inability to cope that is the main challenge ◊It is due to combined factors relating to SOCIAL, ECONOMIC and POLITICAL issues that impede development ◊Some factors operate within Africa, while others are external ◊There is no one single factor explaining Africa’s lack of development ◊Natural disasters occur through,drought, flooding, crop failures and climate change ◊These contribute to major food shortages ◊It is Africa’s inability to cope that is the main challenge

SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT:-HEALTH HIV/AIDS One of 3 major killers 22 million adults living with HIV Vast majority are 15-49, prime working ages 11.6 million African orphans 50% of hospital beds taken up by AIDS sufferers Life expectancy reduced by 10 to 20 years Look at the table on the next slide to show the impact of AIDS on African countries HIV/AIDS One of 3 major killers 22 million adults living with HIV Vast majority are 15-49, prime working ages 11.6 million African orphans 50% of hospital beds taken up by AIDS sufferers Life expectancy reduced by 10 to 20 years Look at the table on the next slide to show the impact of AIDS on African countries

HEALTH contd. MALARIA ◊Malaria is Africa’s biggest killer ◊Impact on development is similar to HIV/ AIDS ◊Economic losses in Africa total $12 billion per year ◊Slows economic growth by 1.3% per annum ◊It accounts for 20-50% of African hospital admissions ◊Huge burden on health service resources ◊Ghana spends approx. $760 million a year on treatment alone - 30% 0f hospital resources ◊Malaria is Africa’s biggest killer ◊Impact on development is similar to HIV/ AIDS ◊Economic losses in Africa total $12 billion per year ◊Slows economic growth by 1.3% per annum ◊It accounts for 20-50% of African hospital admissions ◊Huge burden on health service resources ◊Ghana spends approx. $760 million a year on treatment alone - 30% 0f hospital resources

QUESTIONS ON NOTES AND CASE SUDIES (answer in detailed paragraphs) ◊1)What is the extent of the HIV/AIDS problem in Africa? ◊2) What are the consequences of HIV/AIDS on development in Africa? ◊3) Look at the chart on HIV/AIDS - In comparison to the rest of the world, how does HIV/AIDS statistics for Africa compare? ◊1)What is the extent of the HIV/AIDS problem in Africa? ◊2) What are the consequences of HIV/AIDS on development in Africa? ◊3) Look at the chart on HIV/AIDS - In comparison to the rest of the world, how does HIV/AIDS statistics for Africa compare?

QUESTIONS contd. ◊4) Looking at the table on HIV/AIDS, which country is facing a crisis in relation to its adult working population and how will this affect its development ? ◊5) What problems face Malawi by 2020? discuss ◊6) To what extent does malaria contribute to a lack of development in African countries ? ◊4) Looking at the table on HIV/AIDS, which country is facing a crisis in relation to its adult working population and how will this affect its development ? ◊5) What problems face Malawi by 2020? discuss ◊6) To what extent does malaria contribute to a lack of development in African countries ?

Questions contd. ◊7) To what extent is the use of ITNs beneficial to some African countries? ◊8) Explain the reasons why people do not use ITNs ◊9) What are the consequences of not using ITNs ◊10) While we know that ‘health’ is a social factor. To what extent has a ‘political’ factor resulted in a lack of development in Cameroon ? ◊7) To what extent is the use of ITNs beneficial to some African countries? ◊8) Explain the reasons why people do not use ITNs ◊9) What are the consequences of not using ITNs ◊10) While we know that ‘health’ is a social factor. To what extent has a ‘political’ factor resulted in a lack of development in Cameroon ?