D EMOGRAPHICS & P OPULATION T RENDS : ALL A BOUT THE #’ S Movement of People (Learning Goal 2): Explain how population and settlement patterns are affected by migration, urbanization, transportation and the availability of resources. (TEKS/SE’s 6b/7b) In your google drive choose U4LG2 Notes: Movement of People

R EVIEW : R EFER BACK TO LG 1 IN YOUR ISN Essential Question #1: Historically, what are the 2 features that have influenced the size and distribution of settlements? Human Features Physical Features Give Examples of Each: Human- Infrastructure, economic & political systems and services Physical-agriculture/food, favorable climate, access to water

E SSENTIAL Q UESTION #2: W HAT ARE THE PROCESSES THAT HAVE CAUSED CHANGES TO SETTLEMENT PATTERNS ? Availability of resources Water and natural resources Transportation Growth of suburbia Railroads (Trans-Continental, Trans-Siberian, Amtrak)- movement of resources Urbanization Movement of people from rural to urban areas People move from primary economic activity to secondary, tertiary and quaternary Motivated by pull factors: jobs, education, infrastructure, etc. Economic Activities People move to areas with economic opportunities 49 Gold Rush, Midland-Odessa, Central Texas (Austin), outsourcing to India, Amazonian Rainforest, Eastern Europe to Western Europe

E CONOMIC A CTIVITIES Primary Reliance of raw materials/natural resources Such as: Agriculture, Forestry, Mining, Fishing Secondary Movement to Industry Raw Materials to Manufactured Goods Tertiary Service Industry Law, Retail, Restaurant, Police, Medical, Finance Quaternary Information Processing Education, Research, Government, Libraries, IT

Essential Question #3: How do push-pull factors & Geography affect migration? Human Geographic Factors: Why do People Migrate?Why do People Migrate? Generally categorized as “push-pull” factors Push factors influence people to migrate from a location Pull factors influence people to migrate to a location 1.Social Factors 2.Political Factors 3.Economic Factors 4.Environmental Factors

Social Factors Relate to an entire group of people moving Historical migration of the Jews including the formation of Israel Early religious migration to North America in the 1600s

Political Factors Migration motivated by wars, government policies and/or political persecution Refugees from wars or defections from totalitarian governments

Economic Factors Lack of economic opportunities and the lure of economic activities Immigration to the United States and Canada

Environmental Factors Migrations which result in response to adverse or changing environmental conditions Nomadic herders, migration after droughts, hurricanes, famine, floods, earthquakes and temperature changes hurricanes

Essential Question #3: How do push-pull factors & Geography affect migration? Physical Geographic Factors 1.Physical barriers affect the flow of migration and migration routes such as mountains, deserts and dense forest serve as natural barriers Ex: Himalayas blocking the Indian sub-continent, Amazon Rainforest in South America and the Sahara Desert 2.Physical features such as water routes and valleys have served to facilitate the flow of migration Ex:The Fertile Crescent as a crossroads of trade, the Great Plains and the Northern European Plain