The Expansion of Industry in the United States

 The Civil War ( )

 Starts in England!!  Sir Richard Arkwright & his spinning machine led to the idea of factories!  So what IS the Industrial Revolution??  A transition to new manufacturing processes  When American became more Urban  An era where changes occurred in manufacturing and transportation  A movement where machines changed peoples way of life revolution/videos

 Agricultural Nation  Industrial Power  3 Factors of transformation…  Natural Resources  Inventions  Growth of urban population

 In 1859 he used steam engine to drill for oil.  This started an oil boom!  Efficient way of drilling oil  Petroleum-refining industries arose in some states  Ready to turn oil into kerosene

 Patented by Henry Bessemer in  Injects air into iron to remove the carbon and create steel.  This process helped produce 90% of nations steel.  Very inexpensive and efficient! h?v=dypdoLm4Rn8

 Railroads!  Biggest customer of steel.  Barbed Wire  Farm machines  McCormick and Deere!

 Innovative construction.  The Brooklyn Bridge!  Architects could build as high as they wanted with the steel support.

 1876  Incandescent light bulb  Electricity changed nature of business  the-story-of-us/videos/thomas-edison

 Type Writer  Telephone  Transatlantic Cable  Diesel Engine  Sewing Machine  Electric Motor  Model T  Airplane

 Telephone and Typewriter!!  Sewing machine!!  A new marketplace! New goods!  Overall, industrialization contributed to an improved standard of living (at least for the middle and upper class)

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 Completed in 1869  Connected the East and West coast – Central Pacific and Union Pacific  Provided dreams of adventure and unsettled land, but many paid the price.  Chinese and Irish immigrants and Civil War veterans hired for treacherous work.  Pneumonia and disease killed thousands.  Low pay.  Asians and African Americans earned even less  Harsh conditions to work in.

 Railroads linked cities and towns and created trade.  Towns started to specialize in in particular products.

 Railroad tycoon.  Manufactured sleeper cars.  “Luxury” to the rails  Demand for sleepers was high  Built his own town for employees.  Hoped this town would prevent strikes.

 Railroads on brink of bankruptcy!  Mismanagement  Corporate abuses  Overbuilding  Competition  Economic collapse!  Worst depression up to that time.  By 1894, a quarter of railroads taken over by banks.  Others seized by entrepreneurs.

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