Let’s Review Biotechnology! (Why not?)

Embryonic Cloning Label parts and steps. + ?

Adult Cloning Fill in each step and label. ? ?

Cloning Q’s Cloning can be used to produce two different outcomes. What are they? “You can make… or you can make…” Which type of cloning is the easiest to do? Both types of cloning can result in stem cells. What do scientists hope to use stem cells for in the future? What are the positives to cloning/stem cells and what are the negatives?

PCR PCR mimics which process in nature? At which phase of the cell cycle does the above happen? Name key ingredients for PCR. What is the goal of PCR? What biotech process normally occurs after PCR? If you started with 1 pieces of DNA and you went through 10 cycles of PCR, how many pieces of DNA would you get? 20 cycles?

PCR process Fill in the steps, label and finish drawing: Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Repeat

Compare and Contrast DNA Replication and PCR DNA ReplicationPCR Word bank: Helicase, DNA Polymerase, Thermal cycler, primers, S-phase, Biotechnology, in vitro, in vivo, Taq polymerase, DNA replication, DNA copies electrophoresis… Add your own words, too!

Electrophoresis The purpose of electrophoresis is to: Name some ingredients and pieces of equipment that you need to complete electrophoresis. Do large or small fragments of DNA travel farther through the agarose gel? What is the last step of electrophoresis?

DNA Fingerprinting Before running a DNA sample on an agarose gel for DNA Fingerprinting, what does the DNA have to be treated with to produce fragments? Where are the above found in nature? What do palindromes have to do with DNA Fingerprinting?

DNA Fingerprinting If you have the following DNA sequences isolated from 3 individuals and you use the restriction enzyme BioBI which cuts after the first T of the sequence AATT, draw what the results would look like on the gel (be sure to keep the size of the DNA fragment in mind!): Person 1: GAATTGCGATGC Person 2: GCGCAATTCCCT Person 3: GAATTCAATTCGT Also, draw where the positive and and negative electrodes would go.

DNA Sequencing How many test tubes do you need to complete the Sanger method of DNA sequencing? What’s the same in each tube, and what is the one ingredient that is different? What is missing from the dideoxyribonucleotides and what does it prevent?

DNA Sequencing Write what fragments would be produced in each test tube below the drawings of the test tubes if the original DNA fragment was ATTAGGCAT? ddTTP ddATP ddCTP ddGTP How would this look on this gel? ddT ddA ddC ddG

DNA Sequencing What is the DNA code of the fragment that’s been sequenced on the gel below? ddT ddA ddC ddG

Compare and Contrast PCR, DNA Fingerprinting, and Sequencing PCR Sequencing DNA Fingerprinting Word bank I: Electrophoresis, DNA copies, DNA code, Crime scenes, Biotechnology, Sanger method, dideoxynucleotides, restriction enzymes, Taq polymerase, primers, multiple sources of DNA, DNA Polymerase, Thermal cyclers… Add your own words, too!